81. Andrew is enrolled in a university course on project management. His class meets at the localcommunity college, but the instructor’s lecture is carried over two-way television from the stateuniversity located in another city. This is an example ofa. simulation.b. distance learning.c. conference training.d. e-learning.82. Combining short, fast-paced, interactive computer-based lessons and teleconferencing with traditionalclassroom instruction and simulation is calleda. internship.b. combined training.c. blended learning.d. job-instruction training.83. Presenting training content in a gaming simulation format has all the following advantages EXCEPTa. enhancing employee interest in training.b. improving transfer of training.c. performance improvement.d. low-cost design.84. All of the following are advantages of e-learning EXCEPTa. it leads to significantly greater retention of training content.b. e-learning allows trainees to progress at their own speed.c. e-learning incorporates built-in feedback.d. e-learning allows trainers to update the content relatively easily.85. The director of training is evaluating whether an e-learning method should be used for a supervisordevelopmentprogram. The director should consider all the following factors EXCEPTa. whether supervisors who need training are in distant locations.b. whether current training materials can be easily adapted to an e-learning format.c. if the supervisors are self-motivated enough to work through the training program alone.d. whether current supervisor training is meeting organizational goals.

.0001pt;”>81. Andrew is enrolled in a
university course on project management. His class meets at the localcommunity college, but the
instructor’s lecture is carried over two-way television from the stateuniversity located in another city.
This is an example ofa. simulation.b. distance learning.c. conference training.d. e-learning.82. Combining short, fast-paced,
interactive computer-based lessons and teleconferencing with traditionalclassroom instruction and
simulation is calleda. internship.b. combined training.c. blended learning.d. job-instruction training.83. Presenting training content
in a gaming simulation format has all the following advantages EXCEPTa. enhancing employee interest in
training.b. improving transfer of
training.c. performance improvement.d. low-cost design.84. All of the following are
advantages of e-learning EXCEPTa. it leads to significantly
greater retention of training content.b. e-learning allows trainees to
progress at their own speed.c. e-learning incorporates
built-in feedback.d. e-learning allows trainers to
update the content relatively easily.85. The director of training is
evaluating whether an e-learning method should be used for a
supervisordevelopmentprogram. The director should
consider all the following factors EXCEPTa. whether supervisors who need
training are in distant locations.b. whether current training
materials can be easily adapted to an e-learning format.c. if the supervisors are
self-motivated enough to work through the training program alone.d. whether current supervisor
training is meeting organizational goals.86. In order to qualify as a
tax-preparer for a seasonal job at a tax-preparation chain, Martin must answerwritten questions on tax
terminology covered in an e-learning course. Martin’s scores on this testevaluate the training on a ____
level.a. resultsb. learningc. reactiond. behavior\87. Theresa, a company trainer,
is reading the results of her customer-service training programevaluations. She has very high
ratings in the areas of class enjoyability and trainee willingness to takethe program again. This
evaluation of Theresa’s training is on the ____ level.a. reactionb. learningc. behaviord. results88. The difficulty with evaluating
results by measuring the effect of training on the achievement oforganizational objectives isa. pinpointing whether it
actually was training that caused the changes.b. that organizational results
are not clearly quantifiable.c. the criteria are hard to
obtain.d. the difficulty of interpreting
subjective performance measures.89. The ____ level of evaluation
involves measuring the effect of training on job performance throughinterviews of trainees and their
coworkers and observing job performance.a. reactionb. learningc. resultsd. behavior90. The most difficult level of
training evaluation, but the one that has the most value to the organization isthe ____ level.a. reactionb. learningc. behaviord. results91. Which is the best way to
determine if training is cost effective?a. measure improvements in
performance resulting from trainingb. compare costs and benefits
associated with trainingc. calculate the cost per
employee of the trainingd. determine whether training
expenses came within budget92. What is NOT a cost of
training that should be taken into account when calculating the costs andbenefits of a training program?a. trainer’s salary and timeb. hotel and food expenses for
trainees if training is off-sitec. opportunity cost of trainees
being away from workd. reduction in morale of
employees who were not selected for training93. Conrad, the director of
training, must establish for top management the amount of financial benefit thecompany has realized for the
amount of money that has been put into the mechanics’ training program.Conrad needs to prepare aa. return on investment analysis.b. net gain calculation.c. actual versus proposed budget
comparison.d. results evaluation.94. ____ to evaluate training, HR
professionals in an organization gather data on training and comparethem to data on training at other
organizations of similar size in their industry.a. When using the results
approachb. When using benchmarkingc. To use a cost/benefit analysisd. When implementing a return on
investment analysis approach95. The best way to determine if
the training caused the change in performance, or whether it was someother factor, is to usea. a control group.b. a pre-test measure.c. benchmarking.d. pre-/post-measure.\96. A problem with the pre/post
measure of evaluating training isa. the difficulty of constructing
a good test.b. whether employees were
randomly assigned to the control group.c. being able to intervene in the
workplace at the appropriate times.d. knowing if the training was
responsible for any changes in performance.97. The training manager is
reporting on the results of the training of new cashiers at the soon-to-opentheme park. In his report, the
training manager says the training program was highly effective because90% of the cashiers could operate
at the required speed when tested at the end of the program. Asdirector of HRa. you are pleased that the
training program is so effective, and you will ask the manager torepeat the same program in the
future.b. you ask if the training
manager tested the new cashiers before they received the training.c. you are pleased with this
results-level evaluation because the cashiers will perform at leastthis well when they are on the
job.d. you ask if the director
collected any data on whether the cashiers liked the training.TRUE/FALSE1. If employees view e-learning
tools as an Internet game that they enjoy playing, the training hassucceeded because the employees
are not avoiding the training process.2. Christopher has a heart
problem that makes vigorous activity dangerous. His work team is going toUtah for a white-water rafting
outdoor experience to learn team building skills. Christopher is invitedto go along, but he will have to
wait at the hotel while everyone else is on the water and camping out.Christopher may have a legal case
that he has not been accommodated in this training program.3. Training focuses on improving
employee capabilities needed for their current job. Developmentfocuses on employee capabilities
needed for both their current and their future jobs.4. Training should be viewed
tactically because it is focused on employees’ current job capabilities.Development should be viewed
strategically because it is focused on employees’ needed futurecapabilities.5. The frequent changes to which
the organization must adapt demands that employees be continuallytrained to update their
capabilities.6. Cross-cultural training is
needed for U.S. employees being transferred to foreign assignments, but it isless necessary for foreign
employees being transferred to U.S. assignments because of thepervasiveness of the U.S. culture
through movies, television and the Internet.7. Because of the U.S.’s
commitment to training specialized and skilled workers, the U.S. will remain
theinnovative and strategic leader
in the world economy for the foreseeable future.8. A gap analysis identifies the
difference between what an employee knows and what the employeeshould know in order to perform
the job satisfactorily.9. It is essential that
objectives for training be related to the budgetary priorities identified in
theorganizational analysis.10. Many job applicants and
current employees have low readiness to learn because they lack sufficientreading, writing and math skills
to comprehend the needed training.11. Carlene arrives at the
training facility full of enthusiasm because she is really excited about
learninghow to cope with difficult customers.
She has encountered a number of intransigent customers and iseager to see what “tricks” the
trainers can show her. Carlene has motivation to learn.12. Adult learners are more
interested in a theoretical approach to training rather than a problem-centeredapproach since adults prefer
seeing the “big picture.”13. Alicia will be traveling
extensively in Brazil for her employer. Alicia knows no Portuguese and shewill be traveling in areas where
there will be few fluent English speakers. Alicia’s employer is sendingher to a two-week language
immersion program, where Alicia will be in a totally Portuguese-speakingenvironment. This would be
classified as massed practice.14. Behavior modeling is the most
elementary way in which people learn, and it is one of the best.15. The concept of reinforcement
is based on the law of confirmation, which states that people tend torepeat behaviors that receive an
immediate confirmation.16. Phillip waited a week for
feedback on how he did on his first sales presentation to clients because hisboss was out of town and had to
review a recording of the presentation. This undermines the Phillipslearning because of the lack of
immediate confirmation.17. If a year after the equine
safety program, the volunteers at the therapeutic riding stable always
cross-tiethe horses while they brush and
saddle them, that aspect of the training could be said to havetransferred.18. On-the-job training is by far
the most commonly used form of training, because it can be smoothlyintegrated into the regular work
flow.19. One problem with on-the-job
training is the risk that supervisors can transfer bad habits or incorrectinformation to the trainees.20. Employees do not always like
to do cross-training, but a learning bonus often makes completing thetraining more appealing.21. Like apprenticeships,
internships are a type of cooperative training.22. The primary purpose of an
orientation program is to provide a realistic job preview for new hires whenjoining a new organization.23. Virtual reality can be used
to create an artificial environment for police officers, training them when touse weapons when chasing suspects
in darkened and crowded areas.24. The major cost savings of
e-learning programs come from low up-front development costs.25. Since most of the benefits of
training are intangible (such as attitude changes and safety awareness), itis rarely possible to evaluate
the cost effectiveness of training programs.26. If a training program scored
high at the reaction level, the learning level and the behavior level, butthere was no improvement at the
results level, one can definitely say the training failed.ESSAY1. What learning principles would
you consider in designing a training program?2. What is the purpose of an
orientation program? What should the format and content of an effectiveorientation be?ANS:3. What is cooperative training?
Describe its usefulness.4. How can an organization
determine if its training expenditures are cost effective?