8.7 A communications satellite link has the following data: operating frequency 6 GHz, gain of satellite aerial 6 dBi, gain of earth station aerial 50 dBi, noise temperature of earth station aerial 290 K, noise factor of receiver 3 dB, bandwidth of receiver 20 MHz, and link length 36 000 km. The carrier-to-noise ratio at the earth station is to be 30 dB. Calculate (a) the minimum signal power density at the earth station receive aerial, (b) the minimum field strength at the receive aerial, and (c) the minimum power that must be transmitted by the satellite.

b) If quantity A is PATAT with TC of 2mV/C, and quantity B is CTAT with TC of -1mVrC, then determine the following quantities if they are PTAT or CTAT 1. 1/A 2. 1/B 3. A+ 5°B

Each end of a long transmission line is perfectly matched but from time domain spectrometer display at the input is observed the voltage variation given below. According to this figure   a) For ideal case what should be observed on the time domain spectrometer at he input. Draw ideal case bounce diagram and explain shortly

a- Table 1, Indicates the characteristics typical for the common guided media for long-distance point-to-point applications. Calculate the attenuation for each coaxial and twisted pair cables at 1MHz. Frequency Range Typical Attenuation Typical Delay Repeater Spacing 0.2 dB/km @ 1 kHz 50 µs/km Twisted pair (with loading) Twisted pairs (multipair cables) Coaxial cable Optical fiber 0 to 3.5 kHz THz TeraHertz 10¹2 Hz 0 to 1 MHz 0 to 500 MHz 186 to 370 THz 0.7 dB/km @ 1 kHz 7 dB/km @ 10 MHz 0.2 to 0.5 dB/km 5 μs/km 4 μs/km 5 µs/km 2 km 2 km 1 to 9 km 40 km Table 1: Point-to-Point Transmission Characteristics of Guided Media