8. Some antibiotics work by preventing protein synthesis in bacteria by binding to their ribosomes. Which statement explains why these antibiotics kill bacterial cells but not human cells? A. Antibiotics recognize human genes but not bacterial genes B. Ribosomes in human cells have a different structure to those in bacterial cells C. MRNA in bacterial cells is not processed before translation D. Both DNA and ribosomes are located in the cytoplasm in bacteria E. Ribosome in human cells is located inside the nucleus 9. Shine Dalgarno sequence is A. an RNA component of ribosome B. a promoter sequence C. a sequence for initiator tRNA binding D. located upstream of the coding sequence E. a sequence for recognition by RNA polymerase holoenzyme 10. Which of the following statements about ribosome is INCORRECT? A. Ribosome consists of protein and RNA B. 50S subunit can't bind to 30S subunit till IF1 an IF3 dissociate from 30S subunit C. Energy is consumed when ribosome moves along the mRNA in elongation D. Releasing factors bind to the A site on the ribosome E. Ribosome moves forward on the mRNA from 3' to 5' direction
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
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