8. Average Household Size The table number y of people per household for 1010 1050 1060
Correlation
Correlation defines a relationship between two independent variables. It tells the degree to which variables move in relation to each other. When two sets of data are related to each other, there is a correlation between them.
Linear Correlation
A correlation is used to determine the relationships between numerical and categorical variables. In other words, it is an indicator of how things are connected to one another. The correlation analysis is the study of how variables are related.
Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a statistical method in which it estimates the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variable. In simple terms dependent variable is called as outcome variable and independent variable is called as predictors. Regression analysis is one of the methods to find the trends in data. The independent variable used in Regression analysis is named Predictor variable. It offers data of an associated dependent variable regarding a particular outcome.
![**8. Average Household Size**
The table lists the average number \( y \) of people per household for various years \( x \).
\[
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
x & 1940 & 1950 & 1960 & 1970 \\
\hline
y & 3.67 & 3.37 & 3.33 & 3.14 \\
\hline
\end{array}
\]
\[
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
x & 1980 & 1990 & 2000 & 2010 \\
\hline
y & 2.76 & 2.63 & 2.62 & 2.58 \\
\hline
\end{array}
\]
*Source: U.S. Census Bureau*
**Tasks:**
(a) Make a scatter diagram of the data.
(b) Decide whether the correlation coefficient is positive, negative, or zero.
(c) Find a least-squares regression line that models these data and graph the line. What is the correlation coefficient?
(d) Estimate the number of people per household in 1975 and compare it with the actual value of 2.94.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fc607400a-7bf2-4497-a76c-7e8d07c35f36%2F2ae16204-8247-4c17-8eb7-159f4132ef07%2Fgg05899_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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