72 in. 6 in. 11 @12 in. 144 in. A concrete slab has a width of 12 ft, a thickness of 10 in.., and a modulus of subgrade reac- ion of 300 pci. A 24,000-lb axle load with a wheel spacing of 6 ft is applied at the joint, with one wheel 6 in. from the edge, as shown in Figure P4.11. Determine the maximum bearing tress between concrete and dowel, assuming 100% load transfer, 0.25-in. joint opening. nd 1-in. dowel bars at 12 in. on centers. The maximum negative moment is assumed to ccur at a distance of 1.8e from the load, where e is the radius of relative stiffness. Answer: 3160 psi] h=10 in. 300 pci 1 in. dowels 025 in

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Bars

In civil engineering, bars refer to steel reinforcement bars or rebars. These are structural members primarily used for reinforcement purposes in masonry works. A bar is characterized by its cross-sectional area, which is negligible compared to its length. Bars are usually manufactured by steel which is uniform throughout the length, or by meshing multiple steel wires. Other materials of the bar include carbon steel, glass fiber, carbon fiber, and basalt fiber. The reinforcing bars are coated with epoxy resins and other materials to enhance some of their properties including corrosion resistance.