7.17 Using the indicated state-variables, write the state equations for each of the system show in Fig. 7.86. Find the transfer function for each sys- tem using both block-diagram manipulation and matrix algebra [as in Еg. (7.45). Figure 7.86 Block diagram for Problem 7.17 UO OY s+8 (a) Σ oY 3s+2 s+4 (b)

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Sinusoids And Phasors

Sinusoids are defined as the mathematical waveforms that are used to describe the nature of periodic oscillations.

Circuit Theory

Electric circuits are a network that comprises of a closed-loop, which helps in providing a return path for the current through a switch. When the switch is activated, the load operates, and the current accepts a path to finish the circuit at a low potential level from the opposing high potential level. Electric circuits theory is a linear analysis that helps in establishing a linear relation of voltage and current for R (resistance), L (inductance), and C (capacitance).