7. The gas-turbine cycle of a combined gas-steam power plant has a pressure ratio of 12. Air enters the compressor at 310 K and the turbine at 1400 K. The combustion gases leaving the gas turbine are used to heat the steam at 12.5 MPa to 500 °C in a heat exchanger. The combustion gases leave the heat exchanger at 247 °C. Steam expands in a high-pressure turbine to a pressure of 2.5 MPa and is reheated in the combustion chamber to 550 °C before it expands in a low-pressure turbine to 10 kPa. The mass flow rate of steam is 12 kg/s. Assuming all the compression and expansion processes to be isentropic, determine 154 kJ/s 1.44 105 kJ/s [50.1% (a) the mass flow rate of air in the gas-turbine cycle, (b) the rate of total heat input, and (c) the thermal efficiency of the combined cycle 8. Repeat previous problem assuming isentropic efficiencies of 100 % for the pump, 85 % for the compressor, and 90 % for the gas and steam turbines

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Free Body Diagram

The system of forces acting on a body tends to either rotate it or make the body undergo motion. In general, when an external agent exerts a force on a body, the body undergoes translational motion and rotational motion. The body has six degrees of freedom under the influence of that force. Here, three degrees of freedom are from the translational motion while the other three are from the rotation motion. However, sometimes the bodies are not allowed to undergo any motion and are fixed, under such conditions the body is said to be constrained.