7. ERROR OF CLOSURE. Given the following tabulated data fo1 two transit-tape surveys: LATITUDE DEPARTURE LINE LENGTH BEARING +N -S +E - W s 06°35'w N 17°48'w N 70°59'w N 59°33'E S 39 1 8'E 51.09 99.88 410.79 1-2 445.66 m 442,72 2-3 3-4 311.09 141.68 326.73 434.50 4-5 427.00 216.40 368.10 5-1 301.95 233.66 191.25 Sums 1935.84 m + 669.07 -676.38 +559 35 -561.76 (D) (ENL) (ESL) CEED) EWD) LATITUDE DEPARTURE COURSE AZIMUTH FROM NORTH LENGTH ++ -- +E - W 227:57 82° 12' 131 48' 228 20' 267 43' 352*01' AB 229.70 m 31.17 97.32 BC CD 87.02 107.34 130.55 120.61 161.46 180. 35. 23.86 DE 7.19 180.49 171.83 EA 170.16 Sums 874.03 m +201.33 -201.55 +324.89 -324.82 (D) (ENL) (ESL), (EED) (ZWD) For each traverse determine the linear error of the irection of the side of error. the measurements made. Tabulate all observed ànd values. closúre, and the precision of computed

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Control Survey and Geodetic reductions

Control surveys or survey controls are used to establish reference points as a basis for various construction activities. Vertical and horizontal control points are to be established in a control survey to increase accuracy. After establishing the control points, all other types of surveys such as topographic, right-of-way, aerial mapping, construction layout, boundary surveys, and utility mapping can be worked upon so that control networks can be formed. The place from which the observations are made is called a survey station.