Answered: 7. Determine the rate law consistent…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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7) please show all the steps

$### Reaction Mechanism and Rate Law Determination **Problem Statement:** Determine the rate law consistent with the mechanism shown below, where step 3 is the rate-determining step. On the provided axes, sketch out a fully labeled diagram that is consistent with this mechanism, assuming the formation of ABC is exothermic. **Reaction Mechanism:** 1. $ \text{A}_2 \xleftrightarrow[k_{-1}]{k_1} 2\text{A} $ 2. $ \text{A} + \text{B} \xleftrightarrow[k_{-2}]{k_2} \text{AB} $ 3. $ \text{AB} + \text{C} \xrightarrow{k_3} \text{ABC} $ ### Explanation of Steps 1. **Step 1:** The reversible dissociation of $ \text{A}_2 $ into 2 A atoms 2. **Step 2:** The reversible reaction of an A atom with a B atom to form AB 3. **Step 3:** The rate-determining step where AB reacts with C to form ABC ### Rate-Determining Step and Rate Law The rate-determining step, where AB reacts with C to form ABC, dictates the overall reaction rate. Therefore, the rate law will be based on this step: \[ \text{Rate} = k_3 [\text{AB}][\text{C}] \] ### Energy Profile Diagram To illustrate the energy changes during this reaction mechanism, an energy profile diagram needs to be drawn. #### Energy Profile Diagram Description: 1. **Axes:** - **Y-axis:** Potential energy - **X-axis:** Reaction progress 2. **Energy Levels and Transitions:** - Start with $ \text{A}_2 $. - Energy rises for the dissociation to form 2A. - Transition state for A + B forming AB. - Formation of AB, which is higher in energy compared to A and B. - Transition state for AB reacting with C to form ABC. - Final product (ABC) at a lower energy level compared to AB + C (indicating an exothermic reaction). The diagram should clearly label each species ($ \text{A}_2 $, 2A, A+B, AB, AB+C$

Transcribed Image Text:### Reaction Mechanism and Rate Law Determination **Problem Statement:** Determine the rate law consistent with the mechanism shown below, where step 3 is the rate-determining step. On the provided axes, sketch out a fully labeled diagram that is consistent with this mechanism, assuming the formation of ABC is exothermic. **Reaction Mechanism:** 1. $ \text{A}_2 \xleftrightarrow[k_{-1}]{k_1} 2\text{A} $ 2. $ \text{A} + \text{B} \xleftrightarrow[k_{-2}]{k_2} \text{AB} $ 3. $ \text{AB} + \text{C} \xrightarrow{k_3} \text{ABC} $ ### Explanation of Steps 1. **Step 1:** The reversible dissociation of $ \text{A}_2 $ into 2 A atoms 2. **Step 2:** The reversible reaction of an A atom with a B atom to form AB 3. **Step 3:** The rate-determining step where AB reacts with C to form ABC ### Rate-Determining Step and Rate Law The rate-determining step, where AB reacts with C to form ABC, dictates the overall reaction rate. Therefore, the rate law will be based on this step: \[ \text{Rate} = k_3 [\text{AB}][\text{C}] \] ### Energy Profile Diagram To illustrate the energy changes during this reaction mechanism, an energy profile diagram needs to be drawn. #### Energy Profile Diagram Description: 1. **Axes:** - **Y-axis:** Potential energy - **X-axis:** Reaction progress 2. **Energy Levels and Transitions:** - Start with $ \text{A}_2 $. - Energy rises for the dissociation to form 2A. - Transition state for A + B forming AB. - Formation of AB, which is higher in energy compared to A and B. - Transition state for AB reacting with C to form ABC. - Final product (ABC) at a lower energy level compared to AB + C (indicating an exothermic reaction). The diagram should clearly label each species ($ \text{A}_2 $, 2A, A+B, AB, AB+C

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