6.17 Corollary If a is a generator of a finite cyclic group G of order n, then the other generators of G are the elements of the form a", wherer is relatively prime to n. 6.18 Example Let us find all subgroups of Z1s and give their subgroup diagram. All subgroups are cyclic. By Corollary 6.17 O, the elements 1, 5, 7, 11, 13, and 17 are all generators of Z18. Starting with 2,. (2) = {0,2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16}. is of order 9 and has as generators elements of the form h2, where h is relatively prime to 9, namely, h = 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8, so h2 = 2, 4, 8, 10, 14, and 16. The element 6 of (2) generates (0, 6, 12), and 12 also is a generator of this subgroup. We have thus far found all subgroups generated by 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, and 17. This leaves just 3, 9, and 15 to consider. (3) = {0,3,6,9, 12, 15}, and 15 also generates this group of order 6, since 15 = 5-3, and the gcd of 5 and 6 is 1. Finally, (9) = {0,9}.
6.17 Corollary If a is a generator of a finite cyclic group G of order n, then the other generators of G are the elements of the form a", wherer is relatively prime to n. 6.18 Example Let us find all subgroups of Z1s and give their subgroup diagram. All subgroups are cyclic. By Corollary 6.17 O, the elements 1, 5, 7, 11, 13, and 17 are all generators of Z18. Starting with 2,. (2) = {0,2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16}. is of order 9 and has as generators elements of the form h2, where h is relatively prime to 9, namely, h = 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8, so h2 = 2, 4, 8, 10, 14, and 16. The element 6 of (2) generates (0, 6, 12), and 12 also is a generator of this subgroup. We have thus far found all subgroups generated by 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, and 17. This leaves just 3, 9, and 15 to consider. (3) = {0,3,6,9, 12, 15}, and 15 also generates this group of order 6, since 15 = 5-3, and the gcd of 5 and 6 is 1. Finally, (9) = {0,9}.
Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ
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I do not understand the solution,please provide with more explanation,please analyze each step,especially the order and prime things
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here we can use the given corollary to explain this example and also need to consider that which is the operation used to form the group.
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