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6. In principle, a futile cycle that includes phosphofructokinase (PFK) and fructose-2,6- bisphosphatase (F-1,6BPase) could be used to generate heat. How? The could be used to warm tissues. For instance, certain bumblebees have been reported to use such a futile cycle to warm their flight muscles on cool mornings. Scientists undertook a series of experiments to determine if several species of bumblebee use this futile cycle. Their approach was the measure the activity of PFK and F-1,6-BPase in flight muscle. Enzyme activity (units g₁¹ thorax) B. terrestris B. affinis B. bimaculatus B. impatiens B. vagans B. perplexus B. rufocinctus B. griseocollis P. citrinus Show Transcribed Text ☐ PFK FBPase A) What was the rationale for comparing the activities of these two enzymes? B) The data above show the activities of both enzymes for a variety of bumblebee species (genera Bombus and Psithyrus). Do these results support the notion that bumblebees use futile cycles to generate heat? Explain. C) In which species might futile cycling take place? Explain. D) Do these results prove that futile cycling does not participate in heat generation? Explain.

6. In principle, a futile cycle that includes phosphofructokinase (PFK) and fructose-2,6- bisphosphatase (F-1,6BPase) could be used to generate heat. How? The could be used to warm tissues. For instance, certain bumblebees have been reported to use such a futile cycle to warm their flight muscles on cool mornings. Scientists undertook a series of experiments to determine if several species of bumblebee use this futile cycle. Their approach was the measure the activity of PFK and F-1,6-BPase in flight muscle. Enzyme activity (units g₁¹ thorax) B. terrestris B. affinis B. bimaculatus B. impatiens B. vagans B. perplexus B. rufocinctus B. griseocollis P. citrinus Show Transcribed Text ☐ PFK FBPase A) What was the rationale for comparing the activities of these two enzymes? B) The data above show the activities of both enzymes for a variety of bumblebee species (genera Bombus and Psithyrus). Do these results support the notion that bumblebees use futile cycles to generate heat? Explain. C) In which species might futile cycling take place? Explain. D) Do these results prove that futile cycling does not participate in heat generation? Explain.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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6. In principle, a futile cycle that includes phosphofructokinase (PFK) and fructose-2,6- bisphosphatase (F-1,6BPase) could be used to generate heat. How? The could be used to warm tissues. For instance, certain bumblebees have been reported to use such a futile cycle to warm their flight muscles on cool mornings. Scientists undertook a series of experiments to determine if several species of bumblebee use this futile cycle. Their approach was the measure the activity of PFK and F-1,6-BPase in flight muscle. Enzyme activity (units g₁¹ thorax) B. terrestris B. affinis B. bimaculatus B. impatiens B. vagans B. perplexus B. rufocinctus B. griseocollis P. citrinus Show Transcribed Text ☐ PFK FBPase A) What was the rationale for comparing the activities of these two enzymes? B) The data above show the activities of both enzymes for a variety of bumblebee species (genera Bombus and Psithyrus). Do these results support the notion that bumblebees use futile cycles to generate heat? Explain. C) In which species might futile cycling take place? Explain. D) Do these results prove that futile cycling does not participate in heat generation? Explain.
Transcribed Image Text:6. In principle, a futile cycle that includes phosphofructokinase (PFK) and fructose-2,6- bisphosphatase (F-1,6BPase) could be used to generate heat. How? The could be used to warm tissues. For instance, certain bumblebees have been reported to use such a futile cycle to warm their flight muscles on cool mornings. Scientists undertook a series of experiments to determine if several species of bumblebee use this futile cycle. Their approach was the measure the activity of PFK and F-1,6-BPase in flight muscle. Enzyme activity (units g₁¹ thorax) B. terrestris B. affinis B. bimaculatus B. impatiens B. vagans B. perplexus B. rufocinctus B. griseocollis P. citrinus Show Transcribed Text ☐ PFK FBPase A) What was the rationale for comparing the activities of these two enzymes? B) The data above show the activities of both enzymes for a variety of bumblebee species (genera Bombus and Psithyrus). Do these results support the notion that bumblebees use futile cycles to generate heat? Explain. C) In which species might futile cycling take place? Explain. D) Do these results prove that futile cycling does not participate in heat generation? Explain.
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