Electronic Effects
The effect of electrons that are located in the chemical bonds within the atoms of the molecule is termed an electronic effect. The electronic effect is also explained as the effect through which the reactivity of the compound in one portion is controlled by the electron repulsion or attraction producing in another portion of the molecule.
Drawing Resonance Forms
In organic chemistry, resonance may be a mental exercise that illustrates the delocalization of electrons inside molecules within the valence bond theory of octet bonding. It entails creating several Lewis structures that, when combined, reflect the molecule's entire electronic structure. One Lewis diagram cannot explain the bonding (lone pair, double bond, octet) elaborately. A hybrid describes a combination of possible resonance structures that represents the entire delocalization of electrons within the molecule.
Using Molecular Structure To Predict Equilibrium
Equilibrium does not always imply an equal presence of reactants and products. This signifies that the reaction reaches a point when reactant and product quantities remain constant as the rate of forward and backward reaction is the same. Molecular structures of various compounds can help in predicting equilibrium.
![**Problem 6:** Draw the resonance structures for the following compound.
**a)** Structure shows a carbonyl group with an oxygen anion. The compound has a ketone with an additional single bond to an oxygen, which bears a negative charge and two lone pairs.
**b)** Structure depicts a carbocation on a branched carbon chain, indicating a positive charge on the second carbon atom from the left.
**c)** Structure similar to (b) but with a different branching pattern, showing a carbocation at the third carbon atom from the left.
**d)** Structure includes a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms, forming an ammonium ion. The nitrogen has a positive charge and one lone pair.
**e)** Structure shows a benzene ring with alternating single and double bonds, representing the classic aromatic structure.
Each of these drawings represents potential resonance forms or related structures given the prompts, showcasing the movement of electrons within the compounds.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fc4a38293-7072-44c8-9750-d064f38573ae%2F6b5280e4-620a-49ca-97d5-fb5cd9c202a0%2Froi3g45_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
![](/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png)
Here, we have to draw the resonance structures of the given compounds.
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 2 images
![Blurred answer](/static/compass_v2/solution-images/blurred-answer.jpg)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305957404/9781305957404_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781259911156/9781259911156_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Principles of Instrumental Analysis](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577213/9781305577213_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Organic Chemistry](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780078021558/9780078021558_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Chemistry: Principles and Reactions](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305079373/9781305079373_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781118431221/9781118431221_smallCoverImage.gif)