6. Calculate the p-value for this test. p = 0.475687 7. Based on the above p-value, we have extremely strong evidence against the null hypothesis.
6. Calculate the p-value for this test. p = 0.475687 7. Based on the above p-value, we have extremely strong evidence against the null hypothesis.
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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I need help with 6 and 7
![---
### Blood Type and COVID-19 Susceptibility
**Introduction:**
A group of researchers in Wuhan, China, investigated the relationship between contracting the novel coronavirus and patients' blood type. The population in Wuhan has a blood type distribution as shown in the table below. The researchers categorized 375 patients who had contracted coronavirus by blood type.
**Population and Patient Distribution:**
| Blood Type | Population Percentage | COVID-19 Patients |
|------------|-----------------------|-------------------|
| Type A | 33% | 115 |
| Type B | 24% | 101 |
| Type AB | 9% | 41 |
| Type O | 34% | 118 |
| **Total** | **100%** | **375** |
**Instructions:**
Round all calculated values in this problem to 4 decimal places.
---
**1. Calculate Expected Values**
Calculate the expected values for the hypothesis test. Enter these values in the table below:
| Blood Type | Expected Value |
|------------|----------------|
| Type A | 123.75 |
| Type B | 90 |
| Type AB | 33.75 |
| Type O | 127.5 |
**2. Hypothesis Testing**
The researchers wonder if, in Wuhan, COVID-19 patients have a different distribution of blood type than the general population of Wuhan. Express this research question in terms of a null and alternative hypothesis.
- **Null Hypothesis (H₀):** The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is **the same as** the population. Any observed difference **is** due to chance.
- **Alternative Hypothesis (H₁):** The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is **different from** the population. Any observed difference **is not** due to chance.
---
To proceed with the analysis, calculate the expected frequencies assuming the null hypothesis is true, then compare them with the observed frequencies using a chi-square test.
This data is critical for understanding any significant differences between the blood type distribution of COVID-19 patients and the general population, which can help in medical research and public health decisions.
Continue to practice with similar datasets to enhance your statistical analysis skills.
---](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F9896e9f0-21a4-41f5-9cfe-a9d2b9678883%2Fafe23b69-48e8-4371-9157-aece3acf149a%2Fq5f6q19_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:---
### Blood Type and COVID-19 Susceptibility
**Introduction:**
A group of researchers in Wuhan, China, investigated the relationship between contracting the novel coronavirus and patients' blood type. The population in Wuhan has a blood type distribution as shown in the table below. The researchers categorized 375 patients who had contracted coronavirus by blood type.
**Population and Patient Distribution:**
| Blood Type | Population Percentage | COVID-19 Patients |
|------------|-----------------------|-------------------|
| Type A | 33% | 115 |
| Type B | 24% | 101 |
| Type AB | 9% | 41 |
| Type O | 34% | 118 |
| **Total** | **100%** | **375** |
**Instructions:**
Round all calculated values in this problem to 4 decimal places.
---
**1. Calculate Expected Values**
Calculate the expected values for the hypothesis test. Enter these values in the table below:
| Blood Type | Expected Value |
|------------|----------------|
| Type A | 123.75 |
| Type B | 90 |
| Type AB | 33.75 |
| Type O | 127.5 |
**2. Hypothesis Testing**
The researchers wonder if, in Wuhan, COVID-19 patients have a different distribution of blood type than the general population of Wuhan. Express this research question in terms of a null and alternative hypothesis.
- **Null Hypothesis (H₀):** The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is **the same as** the population. Any observed difference **is** due to chance.
- **Alternative Hypothesis (H₁):** The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is **different from** the population. Any observed difference **is not** due to chance.
---
To proceed with the analysis, calculate the expected frequencies assuming the null hypothesis is true, then compare them with the observed frequencies using a chi-square test.
This data is critical for understanding any significant differences between the blood type distribution of COVID-19 patients and the general population, which can help in medical research and public health decisions.
Continue to practice with similar datasets to enhance your statistical analysis skills.
---
![### Hypothesis Testing for Blood Type Distribution in COVID-19 Patients in Wuhan
**2. Null and Alternative Hypotheses**
The researchers question if the distribution of blood types in COVID-19 patients in Wuhan is different from that of the general population of Wuhan. This is expressed in terms of the following hypotheses:
- **Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\))**: The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is **the same as** the population. Any observed difference is **due to** chance.
- **Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_A\))**: The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is **different from** the population. Any observed difference is **not due to** chance.
**3. Analysis of Contributions to the Test Statistic**
The research examines which blood type, A or O, contributes more to the test statistic. Based on the input:
- **Blood type O** is identified as contributing more to the test statistic.
**4. Calculating the Test Statistic**
The calculated chi-squared (\(\chi^2\)) test statistic value is:
\[ \chi^2 = 4.2283 \]
**5. Degrees of Freedom**
The degrees of freedom (df) for this test is given as:
\[ d_f = 3 \]
**6. Calculating the p-Value**
The p-value corresponding to the test statistic is:
\[ p = 0.47568 \]
**7. Conclusion Based on the p-Value**
With the given p-value, we state that:
- The evidence against the null hypothesis is **extremely strong**.
In conclusion, these statistical results are useful for determining whether the observed blood type distribution in COVID-19 patients is significantly different from that of the general population in Wuhan, providing critical insights into potential associations between blood type and COVID-19 infection.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F9896e9f0-21a4-41f5-9cfe-a9d2b9678883%2Fafe23b69-48e8-4371-9157-aece3acf149a%2Ft8mtt0f_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Hypothesis Testing for Blood Type Distribution in COVID-19 Patients in Wuhan
**2. Null and Alternative Hypotheses**
The researchers question if the distribution of blood types in COVID-19 patients in Wuhan is different from that of the general population of Wuhan. This is expressed in terms of the following hypotheses:
- **Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\))**: The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is **the same as** the population. Any observed difference is **due to** chance.
- **Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_A\))**: The distribution of blood type of COVID-19 patients is **different from** the population. Any observed difference is **not due to** chance.
**3. Analysis of Contributions to the Test Statistic**
The research examines which blood type, A or O, contributes more to the test statistic. Based on the input:
- **Blood type O** is identified as contributing more to the test statistic.
**4. Calculating the Test Statistic**
The calculated chi-squared (\(\chi^2\)) test statistic value is:
\[ \chi^2 = 4.2283 \]
**5. Degrees of Freedom**
The degrees of freedom (df) for this test is given as:
\[ d_f = 3 \]
**6. Calculating the p-Value**
The p-value corresponding to the test statistic is:
\[ p = 0.47568 \]
**7. Conclusion Based on the p-Value**
With the given p-value, we state that:
- The evidence against the null hypothesis is **extremely strong**.
In conclusion, these statistical results are useful for determining whether the observed blood type distribution in COVID-19 patients is significantly different from that of the general population in Wuhan, providing critical insights into potential associations between blood type and COVID-19 infection.
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