-5х? —16х + 28 dx te x' -4x

Calculus: Early Transcendentals
8th Edition
ISBN:9781285741550
Author:James Stewart
Publisher:James Stewart
Chapter1: Functions And Models
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RCC: (a) What is a function? What are its domain and range? (b) What is the graph of a function? (c) How...
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**Problem 4: Integral Calculus**

Evaluate the following integral:

\[ \int \frac{-5x^2 - 16x + 28}{x^3 - 4x} \, dx \]

This problem requires the evaluation of the integral of a rational function. The integrand is:

\[ \frac{-5x^2 - 16x + 28}{x^3 - 4x} \]

with respect to \(x\), denoted by \(dx\). The denominator can be factored into \(x(x^2 - 4)\), which further factors into \(x(x - 2)(x + 2)\).

To evaluate this integral, one common approach is partial fraction decomposition. This technique involves expressing the integrand as a sum of simpler fractions whose denominators are the factors of \(x^3 - 4x\).

Here’s a step-by-step outline for solving it:

1. **Factor the Denominator:**
   \[
   x^3 - 4x = x(x^2 - 4) = x(x - 2)(x + 2)
   \]

2. **Set Up Partial Fractions:**
   Express the integrand as a sum of partial fractions:
   \[
   \frac{-5x^2 - 16x + 28}{x(x - 2)(x + 2)} = \frac{A}{x} + \frac{B}{x - 2} + \frac{C}{x + 2}
   \]

3. **Solve for Coefficients (A, B, and C):**
   Multiply both sides by the common denominator \(x(x - 2)(x + 2)\) to find the values of A, B, and C.

4. **Integrate Each Term Separately:**
   Integrate the simpler fractions.

The final result will be the sum of these integrals, and it will include a constant of integration, \(C\).

For detailed step-by-step integration procedures, factoring explanations, and partial fraction decomposition techniques, refer to the calculus section on rational functions and integrals.
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem 4: Integral Calculus** Evaluate the following integral: \[ \int \frac{-5x^2 - 16x + 28}{x^3 - 4x} \, dx \] This problem requires the evaluation of the integral of a rational function. The integrand is: \[ \frac{-5x^2 - 16x + 28}{x^3 - 4x} \] with respect to \(x\), denoted by \(dx\). The denominator can be factored into \(x(x^2 - 4)\), which further factors into \(x(x - 2)(x + 2)\). To evaluate this integral, one common approach is partial fraction decomposition. This technique involves expressing the integrand as a sum of simpler fractions whose denominators are the factors of \(x^3 - 4x\). Here’s a step-by-step outline for solving it: 1. **Factor the Denominator:** \[ x^3 - 4x = x(x^2 - 4) = x(x - 2)(x + 2) \] 2. **Set Up Partial Fractions:** Express the integrand as a sum of partial fractions: \[ \frac{-5x^2 - 16x + 28}{x(x - 2)(x + 2)} = \frac{A}{x} + \frac{B}{x - 2} + \frac{C}{x + 2} \] 3. **Solve for Coefficients (A, B, and C):** Multiply both sides by the common denominator \(x(x - 2)(x + 2)\) to find the values of A, B, and C. 4. **Integrate Each Term Separately:** Integrate the simpler fractions. The final result will be the sum of these integrals, and it will include a constant of integration, \(C\). For detailed step-by-step integration procedures, factoring explanations, and partial fraction decomposition techniques, refer to the calculus section on rational functions and integrals.
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