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5C: CgHgO 100- 80- 40 20 0 4000 I 10 3500 2922 2828 2733 3000 !T 2500 2000 1703- 1577 1307 1604 BBET 1500 SOTT 1217. 846 1169 1000 3H 010 758 2 PPM

5C: CgHgO 100- 80- 40 20 0 4000 I 10 3500 2922 2828 2733 3000 !T 2500 2000 1703- 1577 1307 1604 BBET 1500 SOTT 1217. 846 1169 1000 3H 010 758 2 PPM

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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For each problem, you must: 1) Calculate the degree of unsaturation. 2) Assign the principal IR absorption bands above 1500 cm⁻¹. 3) Draw the structure of the compound. 4) Label the protons on your structure with letters and assign them to peaks on the NMR spectrum (see the example below). **NMR Spectrum Analysis:** The diagram provided is a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrum, which shows the absorption peaks of protons (1H) in the compound. The x-axis represents the chemical shift in parts per million (PPM), while the y-axis represents signal intensity. **Assignment of Peaks:** - The peak at approximately 3.6 PPM is labeled as C, indicating the presence of 2 hydrogens. - The peak at approximately 2.5 PPM is labeled as D, indicating the presence of 1 hydrogen. - The peak at approximately 1.6 PPM is labeled as B, indicating the presence of 2 hydrogens. - The peak at approximately 1.2 PPM is labeled as A, indicating the presence of 3 hydrogens. **Chemical Structure:** The structure provided shows a hydroxyl (OH) group attached to a carbon chain. The protons are labeled A, B, C, and D in the structure to correspond with their peaks in the NMR spectrum. - Proton A (3H) corresponds to the terminal methyl group. - Proton B (2H) corresponds to the methylene group next to the hydroxyl group. - Proton C (2H) corresponds to the methylene group adjacent to the hydroxyl carbon. - Proton D (1H) likely corresponds to the single proton attached directly to the carbon bearing the hydroxyl group. This setup and detailed assignments allow for careful determination of the compound's structure and its spectroscopic properties.
Transcribed Image Text:For each problem, you must: 1) Calculate the degree of unsaturation. 2) Assign the principal IR absorption bands above 1500 cm⁻¹. 3) Draw the structure of the compound. 4) Label the protons on your structure with letters and assign them to peaks on the NMR spectrum (see the example below). **NMR Spectrum Analysis:** The diagram provided is a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrum, which shows the absorption peaks of protons (1H) in the compound. The x-axis represents the chemical shift in parts per million (PPM), while the y-axis represents signal intensity. **Assignment of Peaks:** - The peak at approximately 3.6 PPM is labeled as C, indicating the presence of 2 hydrogens. - The peak at approximately 2.5 PPM is labeled as D, indicating the presence of 1 hydrogen. - The peak at approximately 1.6 PPM is labeled as B, indicating the presence of 2 hydrogens. - The peak at approximately 1.2 PPM is labeled as A, indicating the presence of 3 hydrogens. **Chemical Structure:** The structure provided shows a hydroxyl (OH) group attached to a carbon chain. The protons are labeled A, B, C, and D in the structure to correspond with their peaks in the NMR spectrum. - Proton A (3H) corresponds to the terminal methyl group. - Proton B (2H) corresponds to the methylene group next to the hydroxyl group. - Proton C (2H) corresponds to the methylene group adjacent to the hydroxyl carbon. - Proton D (1H) likely corresponds to the single proton attached directly to the carbon bearing the hydroxyl group. This setup and detailed assignments allow for careful determination of the compound's structure and its spectroscopic properties.
### Infrared and NMR Spectroscopy of a Compound with Molecular Formula C₅H₆O This page provides an analysis of the Infrared (IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic data for a compound with the molecular formula C₅H₆O. #### Infrared (IR) Spectrum The IR spectrum displays important absorption bands that can be used to determine the functional groups present in the compound: - **2922 cm⁻¹** and **2852 cm⁻¹**: These absorption bands are indicative of C-H stretching vibrations, typically found in alkanes. - **1729 cm⁻¹**: The sharp and strong band at this frequency is characteristic of the C=O stretching vibration, indicating the presence of a carbonyl group. - **1604 cm⁻¹** and **1577 cm⁻¹**: These bands usually correspond to C=C stretching vibrations, which suggests the presence of an aromatic ring or conjugated double bonds. - **1389 cm⁻¹**, **1377 cm⁻¹**, and **1217 cm⁻¹**: These peaks can be associated with C-H bending vibrations and other molecular interactions specific to the structure of the compound. - **1195 cm⁻¹**, **1105 cm⁻¹**, **964 cm⁻¹**, **810 cm⁻¹**, and **750 cm⁻¹**: These frequencies are typically indicative of various bending modes and overtones within the molecule, reflecting the detailed vibrations of the functional groups. #### Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H NMR) Spectrum The ¹H NMR spectrum provides detailed information about the hydrogen atoms in the molecule and their chemical environment: - ** δ ~10 ppm (1H)**: A singlet which could be indicative of a hydrogen atom in a deshielded environment, such as an aldehyde proton (CHO). - ** δ ~7.0-8.0 ppm (4H)**: This region typically corresponds to aromatic protons. The integral suggests there are four aromatic hydrogens, likely forming part of an aromatic ring. - ** δ ~3.3-4.0 ppm (3H)**: This region is usually associated with hydrogens on carbons adjacent to electronegative atoms such as oxygen (e.g., CH₃-OR). In summary, the combination of IR and ¹H
Transcribed Image Text:### Infrared and NMR Spectroscopy of a Compound with Molecular Formula C₅H₆O This page provides an analysis of the Infrared (IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic data for a compound with the molecular formula C₅H₆O. #### Infrared (IR) Spectrum The IR spectrum displays important absorption bands that can be used to determine the functional groups present in the compound: - **2922 cm⁻¹** and **2852 cm⁻¹**: These absorption bands are indicative of C-H stretching vibrations, typically found in alkanes. - **1729 cm⁻¹**: The sharp and strong band at this frequency is characteristic of the C=O stretching vibration, indicating the presence of a carbonyl group. - **1604 cm⁻¹** and **1577 cm⁻¹**: These bands usually correspond to C=C stretching vibrations, which suggests the presence of an aromatic ring or conjugated double bonds. - **1389 cm⁻¹**, **1377 cm⁻¹**, and **1217 cm⁻¹**: These peaks can be associated with C-H bending vibrations and other molecular interactions specific to the structure of the compound. - **1195 cm⁻¹**, **1105 cm⁻¹**, **964 cm⁻¹**, **810 cm⁻¹**, and **750 cm⁻¹**: These frequencies are typically indicative of various bending modes and overtones within the molecule, reflecting the detailed vibrations of the functional groups. #### Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H NMR) Spectrum The ¹H NMR spectrum provides detailed information about the hydrogen atoms in the molecule and their chemical environment: - ** δ ~10 ppm (1H)**: A singlet which could be indicative of a hydrogen atom in a deshielded environment, such as an aldehyde proton (CHO). - ** δ ~7.0-8.0 ppm (4H)**: This region typically corresponds to aromatic protons. The integral suggests there are four aromatic hydrogens, likely forming part of an aromatic ring. - ** δ ~3.3-4.0 ppm (3H)**: This region is usually associated with hydrogens on carbons adjacent to electronegative atoms such as oxygen (e.g., CH₃-OR). In summary, the combination of IR and ¹H
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