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54 dy of earthquakes has contributed significantly to our understanding of plate tectonics. In fact, plate boundaries were first identified because of their earthquake activity. The theory of plate tectonics states that deep-ocean trenches mark the sites where large, rigid slabs of the lithosphere descend into the mantle. It is along these zones that deep-focus earthquakes are generated. ACTIVITY 3.5 Earthquakes: Evidence for Plate Tectonics Figure 3.8 illustrates an idealized distribution of earthquake foci in the vicinity of the Tonga islands. Use Figure 3.8 to complete the following. Figure 3.8 Distribution of earthquake foci in the vicinity of the Tonga islands. Trench Se 200 400 600 0 Key ●Shallow Intermediate Deep °8 • 200 Tonga Islands 400 Distance (km) Oo oo 00 80 8000 Earthquake foci ∞0 gº Tonga Islands 600 + 1. At approximately what depth do the deepest earthquakes occur? kilometers 2. Are the earthquake foci in the area distributed in a random manner or along a linear zone? 3. On Figure 3.8, outline the zone of earthquakes. 4. Draw a line on Figure 3.8 at a depth of 100 kilometers to indicate the top of the asthenosphere the zone of partly melted and weak Earth material. Label the line top of asthenosphere. 5. The elastic rebound theory predicts that earthquakes can be generated only in the lithosphere-the layer of solid, rigid material. However, based on studies in the Tonga islands, earthquakes occur within the weak, ductile asthenosphere. How do Earth scientists explain the occurrence of earthquakes in this weak zone?

54 dy of earthquakes has contributed significantly to our understanding of plate tectonics. In fact, plate boundaries were first identified because of their earthquake activity. The theory of plate tectonics states that deep-ocean trenches mark the sites where large, rigid slabs of the lithosphere descend into the mantle. It is along these zones that deep-focus earthquakes are generated. ACTIVITY 3.5 Earthquakes: Evidence for Plate Tectonics Figure 3.8 illustrates an idealized distribution of earthquake foci in the vicinity of the Tonga islands. Use Figure 3.8 to complete the following. Figure 3.8 Distribution of earthquake foci in the vicinity of the Tonga islands. Trench Se 200 400 600 0 Key ●Shallow Intermediate Deep °8 • 200 Tonga Islands 400 Distance (km) Oo oo 00 80 8000 Earthquake foci ∞0 gº Tonga Islands 600 + 1. At approximately what depth do the deepest earthquakes occur? kilometers 2. Are the earthquake foci in the area distributed in a random manner or along a linear zone? 3. On Figure 3.8, outline the zone of earthquakes. 4. Draw a line on Figure 3.8 at a depth of 100 kilometers to indicate the top of the asthenosphere the zone of partly melted and weak Earth material. Label the line top of asthenosphere. 5. The elastic rebound theory predicts that earthquakes can be generated only in the lithosphere-the layer of solid, rigid material. However, based on studies in the Tonga islands, earthquakes occur within the weak, ductile asthenosphere. How do Earth scientists explain the occurrence of earthquakes in this weak zone?

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
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Lind and explain several lines of evidence that support the theory of plate tectonics. 54 dy of earthquakes has contributed significantly to our understanding of plate tectonics. In fact, plate boundaries were first identified because of their earthquake activity. The theory of plate tectonics states that deep-ocean trenches mark the sites where large, rigid slabs of the lithosphere descend into the mantle. It is along these zones that deep-focus earthquakes are generated. ACTIVITY 3.5 Earthquakes: Evidence for Plate Tectonics Figure 3.8 illustrates an idealized distribution of earthquake foci in the vicinity of the Tonga islands. Use Figure 3.8 to complete the following. Figure 3.8 Distribution of earthquake foci in the vicinity of the Tonga islands. Trench 200 ●Deep Depth (km) 400 Key Shallow O Intermediate 600 °8 • 200 Tonga Islands 00⁰ og o 400 Earthquake foci Distance (km) Tonga Islands 600 1. At approximately what depth do the deepest earthquakes occur? kilometers 2. Are the earthquake foci in the area distributed in a random manner or along a linear zone? + I 3. On Figure 3.8, outline the zone of earthquakes. 4. Draw a line on Figure 3.8 at a depth of 100 kilometers to indicate the top of the asthenosphere-the zone of partly melted and weak Earth material. Label the line top of asthenosphere. 5. The elastic rebound theory predicts that earthquakes can be generated only in the lithosphere-the layer of solid, rigid material. However, based on studies in the Tonga islands, earthquakes occur within the weak, ductile asthenosphere. How do Earth scientists explain the occurrence of earthquakes in this weak zone?
Transcribed Image Text:Lind and explain several lines of evidence that support the theory of plate tectonics. 54 dy of earthquakes has contributed significantly to our understanding of plate tectonics. In fact, plate boundaries were first identified because of their earthquake activity. The theory of plate tectonics states that deep-ocean trenches mark the sites where large, rigid slabs of the lithosphere descend into the mantle. It is along these zones that deep-focus earthquakes are generated. ACTIVITY 3.5 Earthquakes: Evidence for Plate Tectonics Figure 3.8 illustrates an idealized distribution of earthquake foci in the vicinity of the Tonga islands. Use Figure 3.8 to complete the following. Figure 3.8 Distribution of earthquake foci in the vicinity of the Tonga islands. Trench 200 ●Deep Depth (km) 400 Key Shallow O Intermediate 600 °8 • 200 Tonga Islands 00⁰ og o 400 Earthquake foci Distance (km) Tonga Islands 600 1. At approximately what depth do the deepest earthquakes occur? kilometers 2. Are the earthquake foci in the area distributed in a random manner or along a linear zone? + I 3. On Figure 3.8, outline the zone of earthquakes. 4. Draw a line on Figure 3.8 at a depth of 100 kilometers to indicate the top of the asthenosphere-the zone of partly melted and weak Earth material. Label the line top of asthenosphere. 5. The elastic rebound theory predicts that earthquakes can be generated only in the lithosphere-the layer of solid, rigid material. However, based on studies in the Tonga islands, earthquakes occur within the weak, ductile asthenosphere. How do Earth scientists explain the occurrence of earthquakes in this weak zone?
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