**Titration in Acid-Base Reactions**Titration is a process in which an unknown concentration of a solution reacts with a solution of known concentration (a standard solution). A titration involving the reaction between an acid and a base is called an acid-base titration. Watch the animation to learn about acid-base titration, in which an unknown concentration of an acid-base solution reacts with a standard acid-base solution of known concentration.The *end point* of an acid-base titration is determined by the use of a pH indicator of some type. It is the point where the titration is physically stopped, as indicated by a signal from the indicator being used. This could be a color change or a dramatic change in pH on a pH meter. The *equivalence point* of the titration occurs when stoichiometrically equal amounts of acid and base have been added to the solution. The equivalence point is the point where the reaction is complete. At the equivalence point, the addition of one excess drop of titrant to the solution then either reacts with the free indicator, changing the color of the solution or producing an excess of one of the reactants which dramatically changes the pH. Either change signals that the titration should be stopped—the end point. Thus, the equivalence point is reached just before the end point in a titration. The pH indicator is used to approximate the equivalence point. For valid results, the end point and equivalence point must closely correlate.**Diagram Explanation**The diagram displays a titration curve of pH versus milliliters of titrant added. The curve shows a rapid increase in pH around the equivalence point, which is marked on the graph. The initial portion of the curve is relatively flat, indicating the buffer region. As the titration progresses, the curve steeply rises at around 50 milliliters, indicating the equivalence point where the pH sharply increases from approximately 6 to over 12. Watch the animation and observe the titration process when a standard 0.100 M sodium hydroxide solution is added to 50.0 mL of a 0.100 M hydrochloric acid solution. Identify which of the following statements regarding acid-base titration are correct.**Check all that apply.**- Before any base is added to the solution, the pH of the solution is 10.- At the end point, the pH of the solution is 10 and the color of the solution is pink.- The pH of the solution changes very slowly at the equivalence point.- At the beginning of the titration process, the pH of the solution increases rapidly.- The chemical reaction involved in an acid-base titration is a neutralization reaction.- The pH of the solution at the equivalence point is 7.

Given: Titration of HCl using NaOH. Concentration of HCl = 0.100 M Volume of HCl solution taken =…

50.0 mL of a 0.100 M hydrochloric Watch the animation and observe the titration process when a standard 0.100 M sodium hydroxide solution is added acid solution. Identify which of the following statements regarding acid-base titration are correct. Check all that apply. • View Available Hint(s) Before any base is added to the solution, the pH of the solution is 10. At the end point, the pH of the solution is 10 and the color of the solution is pink. The pH of the solution changes very slowly at the equivalence point. At the beginning of the titration process, the pH of the solution increases rapidly. The chemical reaction involved in an acid-base titration is a neutralization reaction. O The pH of the solution at the equivalence point is 7. O O O O O

50.0 mL of a 0.100 M hydrochloric Watch the animation and observe the titration process when a standard 0.100 M sodium hydroxide solution is added acid solution. Identify which of the following statements regarding acid-base titration are correct. Check all that apply. • View Available Hint(s) Before any base is added to the solution, the pH of the solution is 10. At the end point, the pH of the solution is 10 and the color of the solution is pink. The pH of the solution changes very slowly at the equivalence point. At the beginning of the titration process, the pH of the solution increases rapidly. The chemical reaction involved in an acid-base titration is a neutralization reaction. O The pH of the solution at the equivalence point is 7. O O O O O

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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