5.18 In a two-good, two-consumer economy, utility functions are u¹ (x₁, x₂) = x₁ (x₂)², u²(x₁, x₂) = (x₁)²x₂. Total endowments are (10, 20). (a) A social planner wants to allocate goods to maximise consumer 1's utility while holding con- sumer 2's utility at u² = 8000/27. Find the assignment of goods to consumers that solves the planner's problem and show that the solution is Pareto efficient. (b) Suppose, instead, that the planner just divides the endowments so that e¹ = (10, 0) and e² = (0, 20) and then lets the consumers transact through perfectly competitive markets. Find the Walrasian equilibrium and show that the WEAs are the same as the solution in part (a).

5.18 In a two-good, two-consumer economy, utility functions are u¹ (x₁, x₂) = x₁ (x₂)², u²(x₁, x₂) = (x₁)²x₂. Total endowments are (10, 20). (a) A social planner wants to allocate goods to maximise consumer 1's utility while holding con- sumer 2's utility at u² = 8000/27. Find the assignment of goods to consumers that solves the planner's problem and show that the solution is Pareto efficient. (b) Suppose, instead, that the planner just divides the endowments so that e¹ = (10, 0) and e² = (0, 20) and then lets the consumers transact through perfectly competitive markets. Find the Walrasian equilibrium and show that the WEAs are the same as the solution in part (a).

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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Person A has a utility function of and person B has a utility function Agent A and agent B have identical endowments of (1/2,1/2). (a) Illustrate this situation in an Edgeworth box diagram. (b) What is the equilibrium relationship between p1and p2? (c) What is the equilibrium allocation?
A and B consume only two goods, cider (C) and dumplings (D). A has an initial endowment of 10 bottles of C and 30 of D. Bob has an initial endowment of 50 bottles of cider and 50 dumplings. Alice’s utility function is uA(CA,DA) = 9ln(CA) + 10ln(DA), where CA and DA represent consumption of C and D, respectively. B’s utility function is uB(CB,DB) = CBXDB, where CB and DB denote B's consumption of C and D. a) Find the competitive equilibrium, i.e. the price ratio, of this exchange economy and the resulting equilibrium allocation. b) Find the expression of the contract curve for this economy and use your answer to check that the equilibrium allocation you found in (b) is indeed Pareto optimal.
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7. In an Edgeworth box for two consumers, A and B, with endowments of commodities Xa and Ya are A's endowments, Xb and Yb are B's, and Xo = Xa + Xb, Yo = Ya + Yb), the competitive equilibrium allocation of the two commodities represents a mutual tangency of both consumers' indifference curves with each other and with a common budget line. (a) The conditions require that A and B consume at a point on their budget lines where their indifference curves have the same marginal rate of substitution, and equilibrium for the market as a whole requires that the sum of the individuals' demands for each commodity must equal the totals (Xo and Yo) available. Mathematically express the point of equilibrium, that is, express the above statement with equations in relating each endowments, equilibrium points (Xa, Xb, Ya, Yb), and totals ((Xo, Yo). (b) Suppose MRSa = Ya/Xa, MRSB = Yb/Xb, Xa = 10, Ya, = 100, Xb = 50, Yb = 20, and let good Y be the numeraire (Py =1). Verify that the competitive…
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4. Aaron and Burris have the following utility functions over two goods, x and y. Aaron’s utility function: UA(xA, yA) = min{xA/3, yA} Burris’s utility function: UB(xB, yB) = 9xB + 3yB Aaron’s endowment is eA = (2, 4). Burris’ endowment is eB = (10, 8). In an Edgeworth Box diagram, show which allocations are in the core. Solve for the set of Pareto optimal allocations (i.e. the contract curve) in the Edgeworth Box. Illustrate the contract curve in an Edgeworth Box diagram. Let good y be the numeraire (i.e. set py = 1 and let px = p). Solve for the Walrasian competitive equilibrium allocation and price ratio.
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***Please provide an answer and explanation for BOTH parts (A & B). B builds on and cannot be completed without A.