5. When determining trends in ionic radius, we need to compare similar species. Similarities are: a. Same number of electrons, different numbers of protons Which will be smaller, a species with 12 electrons and 10 protons, or one with 12 electrons and 12 protons? b. Same number of protons, different number of electrons. Which will be smaller, a species with 12 electrons and 12 protons, or one with 10 electrons and 12 protons?

5. When determining trends in ionic radius, we need to compare similar species. Similarities are: a. Same number of electrons, different numbers of protons Which will be smaller, a species with 12 electrons and 10 protons, or one with 12 electrons and 12 protons? b. Same number of protons, different number of electrons. Which will be smaller, a species with 12 electrons and 12 protons, or one with 10 electrons and 12 protons?

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation

9th Edition

ISBN:9781337399425

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter4: Chemical Foundations: Elements, Atoms, And Ions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16ALQ

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Quantum Chemistry

Quantum chemistry deals with the properties of chemical systems and their reactions. The branch of chemistry which is more concerned with quantum chemistry is physical chemistry. It is a more sophisticated field of theoretical physics which is concerned towards the application of physical concepts towards various chemical aspects such as, formation of atoms, chemical structure descriptions, chemical bond strength, hybridization, conjugation etc. Quantum chemistry mainly studies the various states i.e., ground state, excited state, transition states of the individual atoms or molecules taking place during any chemical reaction. The laws of motion explained by various scientists, which are termed as “classical mechanics” were not acceptable in terms of electrons, protons, atoms, light etc. Thus, a new theory named “quantum mechanics” emerged to understand the basic framework of various atomic and subatomic particles.

Question

**5. When determining trends in ionic radius, we need to compare similar species. Similarities are:**

a. **Same number of electrons, different numbers of protons**
Which will be smaller, a species with 12 electrons and 10 protons, or one with 12 electrons and 12 protons?

b. **Same number of protons, different number of electrons.**
Which will be smaller, a species with 12 electrons and 12 protons, or one with 10 electrons and 12 protons?

c. **Same group of the periodic table, same ionic charge.**
State an example of this situation and specify which ion is larger.

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