5. We are given with the following set of input-output (x,y) data. x:Temperature (°C) y: Corrosion (mm/yr) 26.6 1.58 26.0 1.45 27.4 1.13 21.7 0.96 Suppose that we want to model the above set of data with a linear model y = ax + b. Since our model may be perfect and there might be some noise in the measurements y, we assume y = ax + b + e, where e is the error in our modeling. a) Write down the matrix structure for this problem using the given model and the input- out data. b) Write down the structure of the solution for the coefficients a and b. You are not required to solve for the unknown parameters in our model but rather the form of the solution using least-squares error method. c) Suppose that the least squares solution for the unknown parameters are a = 0.0691 and b = -0.4761, resulting in ŷ = 0.0691 x – 0.4761. Using this model and the given input-output data, find the squared-error defined as follows e2 = E=1(Vn - n)², where y, is the nth measurement and ŷ, is the output of the model evaluated at the nth input data.
Correlation
Correlation defines a relationship between two independent variables. It tells the degree to which variables move in relation to each other. When two sets of data are related to each other, there is a correlation between them.
Linear Correlation
A correlation is used to determine the relationships between numerical and categorical variables. In other words, it is an indicator of how things are connected to one another. The correlation analysis is the study of how variables are related.
Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a statistical method in which it estimates the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variable. In simple terms dependent variable is called as outcome variable and independent variable is called as predictors. Regression analysis is one of the methods to find the trends in data. The independent variable used in Regression analysis is named Predictor variable. It offers data of an associated dependent variable regarding a particular outcome.
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