5. Number of mappings, injections, surjections: a. Counting total number of mappings from A to B (|A| = n, |B|= m) in two ways: (") : * s(n, 1) * 1! + (") * s(n, 2) * 2! + ... + (m) * s(n, m) * m! m" = Total and sliced by increasing size of the Image of the function. Must get the same answer. Verify identity for n = 7, m = 4 using your Pascal and Stirling triangles. b. Give the number of surjections (onto) maps from A to B (|A| = 3, |B|= 5). С. Find the number of injections (one to one) maps from A to B (|A| = 3, |B|= 5).

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Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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## Number of Mappings, Injections, Surjections

### a. Counting Total Number of Mappings from A to B (|A| = n, |B| = m) in Two Ways:

\[ 
m^n = \left( \binom{m}{1} \right) \ast s(n, 1) \ast 1! + \left( \binom{m}{2} \right) \ast s(n, 2) \ast 2! + \cdots + \left( \binom{m}{m} \right) \ast s(n, m) \ast m!
\]

- **Explanation**: This equation represents the total number of mappings from set A to set B, sliced by the increasing size of the image of the function. You must achieve the same answer using this method.

- **Verification**: Verify this identity for n = 7, m = 4 using Pascal and Stirling triangles.

### b. Number of Surjections (Onto Maps)

- **Task**: Give the number of surjections from A to B (|A| = 3, |B| = 5).

### c. Number of Injections (One-to-One Maps)

- **Task**: Find the number of injections from A to B (|A| = 3, |B| = 5).

### Additional Notes

- **Pascal's Triangle**: A triangular array used to calculate combinations.
- **Stirling Numbers**: A set of numbers used in combinatorics to count partitions of a set.

This content explores advanced combinatorial concepts, useful in mathematical problem-solving and analysis.
Transcribed Image Text:## Number of Mappings, Injections, Surjections ### a. Counting Total Number of Mappings from A to B (|A| = n, |B| = m) in Two Ways: \[ m^n = \left( \binom{m}{1} \right) \ast s(n, 1) \ast 1! + \left( \binom{m}{2} \right) \ast s(n, 2) \ast 2! + \cdots + \left( \binom{m}{m} \right) \ast s(n, m) \ast m! \] - **Explanation**: This equation represents the total number of mappings from set A to set B, sliced by the increasing size of the image of the function. You must achieve the same answer using this method. - **Verification**: Verify this identity for n = 7, m = 4 using Pascal and Stirling triangles. ### b. Number of Surjections (Onto Maps) - **Task**: Give the number of surjections from A to B (|A| = 3, |B| = 5). ### c. Number of Injections (One-to-One Maps) - **Task**: Find the number of injections from A to B (|A| = 3, |B| = 5). ### Additional Notes - **Pascal's Triangle**: A triangular array used to calculate combinations. - **Stirling Numbers**: A set of numbers used in combinatorics to count partitions of a set. This content explores advanced combinatorial concepts, useful in mathematical problem-solving and analysis.
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