5. In a few sentences, explain the difference between a fixed exchange rate and a flexible exchange rate. What are the basic advantages and disadvantages of each? (4 points)
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A:
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- 5. Money Market and Exchange Rate (1) Explain how the money markets of two countries are linked though the foreign exchange market.17. Question 17 options: ---------- is the technique of protecting against the potential losses that result from adverse changes in exchange rates5. Balance of payments and the foreign exchange market The following graph shows the market for euros in terms of dollars. The market is initially in equilibrium at $1.00 per euro and 4 billion euros. Suppose an economic expansion in the United States leads to an increase in the incomes of American households, causing imports from Europe to rise. On the graph, show the effect of an expansion in the United States that leads to an increase in American incomes.
- Consider an economy that experiences an increase in consumer confidence. Let UIP stand for the uncovered interest parity condition. Suppose the economy has a flexible exchange rate. In an IS - LM – UIP diagram, show the effect of the increase in consumer confidence on output, the interest rate, and the exchange rate. ( You must draw the graphs) b. (Following (a)) How does the change in the exchange rate, by itself, tend to affect output? Does the change in the exchange rate dampen (make smaller) or amplify (make larger) the effect of the increase in confidence on output? c. Suppose instead the economy has a fixed exchange rate. In an Is - LM - UIP diagram, show effect of the increase in consumer confidence on output, the interest rate. What must happen to the money supply in order to maintain the fixed exchange rate? ( You must draw the graphs) d. How does the effect on output in this economy, with fixed exchange rates, compared to the effect you found for the economy for part (a),…3. If the exchange rate changes from 1.50 Canadian dollars per U.S. dollar to 1.67 Canadian dollars per U.S. dollar, we say that the Canadian dollar has appreciated against the U.S. dollar. True False5. Consider an economy that is characterized by the following equations: Y=C+I+G+ NX Y = 6,000, G = 2500, CT = 0.5C, LT = 2,000 C = 500+ 0.5(Y-T) T = CT + LT 1 = 900 - 50r NX = 1,500 250€ r=r' = 8 Note that CT is the total consumption tax given by 0.5C indicating that every $1 of consumption is taxed at 50 cents. LT is the lump-sum tax. The total tax, T, is the sum of CT and LT.
- 4 G) Suppose that parliament passes an investment tax credit, which subsidizes domestic investment. How does this policy affect national saving, domestic investment, net capital outflow, the interest rate, the exchange rate, and the trade balance?2. Determining long-term exchange rates Consider two countries, the United States and Japan, that trade with each other. Suppose that the productivity growth in the United States accelerates, but it remains the same in Japan. The following graph shows the supply and demand for the Japanese yen in the United States before the change in productivity. The vertical axis is the exchange rate of the yen in terms of the dollar, and the horizontal axis is the quantity of yen Show how the change in productivity affects the equilibrium exchange rate by shifting one or both of the curves on the graph Note: Select and drag one or both of the curves to the desired position. Curves will snap Into position, so if you try to move a curve and it snaps back to its original position, just drag it a little farther EXCHANGE RATE (Dollars per yeni Demand QUANTITY (Millions of yen) As a result of the change in productivity, the U.S. doilar appreciates depreciates Demand 161 Supply2. The Table gives some information about Canada's international transactions in 2010. Item Billions of dollars. Imports of goods and services Net foreign investment in Canada Exports of goods and services. Net interest income. Net transfers Statistical discrepancy 508 54 476 16 (-3) 1 (a) Calculate the balance on the three balance of payments accounts. (b) Was Canada a net borrower or a net lender in 2010? Explain your answer.
- 5. Balance of payments and the foreign exchange market The following graph shows the market for euros, which is initially in equilibrium. Suppose an economic expansion in Canada leads to an increase in the incomes of Canadian households, causing imports from Europe to rise. On the graph, illustrate the effect of an economic expansion on the market for euros by shifting the appropriate curve or curves. Note: Select and drag one or both of the curves to the desired position. Curves will snap into position, so if you try to move a curve and it snaps back to its original position, just drag it a little farther. EXCHANGE RATE (Dollars per euro) Supply 1.25 XXX 1.00 0.75 2.00 1.75 1.50 0.50 0.25 0 Demand Supply Flexible exchange rates Fixed exchange rates (?)Ab 17 Economics7. Differentiate between the following terms: c) Purchasing power parity and interest rate parity. d) Current account and capital account.