5° 3' 5' C:G 3' C:G A:T T:A A:T T:A Depurination Apurinic site C:G G:C G:C 3° 3" (a) Depurination 5' 3' C:G A:T T:A 3" C:G G:C A:T T:A DNA replication 3" :C: G:C 3" C:G 3" A:T T:A X could be A, T, G, or C G:C (b) Replication over an apurinic site FIGURE 19.7 Spontaneous depurination. (a) The bond be- tween guanine and deoxyribose is broken, thereby releasing the base. This leaves an apurinic site in the DNA. (b) If an apurinic site remains in the DNA as it is being replicated, any of the four nucleotides can be added to the newly made strand.

Q: A large portion of the human genome is transposons. Collectively, they are most likely: A) an equal…

A: Transposons also known as transposable elements or jumping genes are sequences of DNA that have the…

Q: Which of the following terms is used for the various forms of any one a) Autosomes b ) Codons c)…

A: Genes have a variety of different forms which are located at the same position or can be called…

Q: 1. a)What would happen if the aminoacyl tRNA synthetase responsible for charging alanine tRNAs also…

A: The polymerization of amino acids according to the codons on mRNA to form proteins is known as…

Q: Using the DNA sequence above, write a new DNA sequence from 3’ to 5’ that incorporates a…

A: A missense mutation is a type of point mutation where a single nucleotide change in the DNA sequence…

Q: A) Describe each step of the DNA REPLICATION in EUKARYOTIC organisms B) Describe each step of the…

A: Transcription = Re-writing DNA into RNADNA is "transcribed" or re-written into RNA in a very…

Q: Describe nucleotide excision repair.

A: A nucleotide is defined as a structure that will consist of a sugar molecule (that can be either…

Q: Which statement is false: A) Each type of protein ( ex: hemoglobin vs trypsionngen) varies in the…

A: Gene is a sequence of nucleotides that encode a particular protein. The transcription and…

Q: Insulin is a peptide hormone encoded by the INS gene, which is on chromosome 11. Insulin is produced…

A: The hormone insulin is required by the body to reduce the level of blood glucose. The pancreatic…

Q: Which of the following is a possible consequence of a mutation that introduces a premature stop…

A: The stop codons are the specific genetic codon that do not codes any amino acids during the…

Q: Which of the following is not a possible outcome of changing the epigenetic code? a) exposure of…

A: * Epigenetic code is an defining code in eukaryotic cells in which each cell consist specific…

Q: Which of the following distinguishes direct repair from other repair mechanisms?

A: The answer is 'Direct repair reverses a structural abnormality without breaking the phosphodiester…

Q: Complete the protein synthesis for the partial DNA sequence for a normal FGFR3 gene (TOP) and…

A: FGF3 gene is responsible for producing a protein called fibroblast growth factor 3 which is a part…

Q: Why must reoviral replication events occur within thenucleocapsid?

A: Viruses are minute particles that are made up of only their genetic material which may be DNA or RNA…

Q: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder caused by different types of mutations, many of which…

A: CF is caused by a mutation in a gene called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator…

Q: A mutation takes place that switches a codon from ACG to ACA. What type of mutation is this? A)…

A: A mutation is a random change in the DNA sequence.

Q: disease caused by an error in the nucleotide excision repair process that fixes damage to DNA by…

A:

Q: What is an example of a disease or a disorder that results from an error in DNA replication? What…

A: Errors in DNA replication is called as mutation. This results in the change in sequence of DNA which…

Q: What is the function of the single strand binding proteins during DNA replication?

A: DNA is the nucleic acids present in the organisms. DNA is the deoxy-ribose nucleic acid in which…

Q: What is the difference from the polymerase used in transcription of mRNA and the polymerase used…

A: Central Dogma as the name suggests, is central to the persistence of life forms on this planet. The…

Q: Certain DNA sequences are especially prone to “strand slippage.” In your own words, give an account…

A: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is a long, double-stranded, helical molecule that contains genetic…

Q: What will be the results of chemically modifying one nucleotide baseof a gene? What role is played…

A: A permanent change in the DNA’s base sequence is termed as mutation. Any alteration in DNA may cause…

Viral Replication

The virus is acellular and considered non-living outside the host cell. The replication of the virus occurs only inside the living cells. Only a few genes are present in the smallest virus, whereas many genes are present in the largest virus. These genes encode specific viral proteins.