43. A golf ball and a Ping-Pong ball are dropped in a vacuum chamber. When they have fallen halfway to the bottom, how do their speeds compare? Their kinetic energies? Their potential energies? Their momenta?

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**Question 43: Analysis of Falling Objects in a Vacuum**

A golf ball and a Ping-Pong ball are dropped in a vacuum chamber. When they have fallen halfway to the bottom, how do their speeds compare? Their kinetic energies? Their potential energies? Their momenta?

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**Explanation:**

- **Speeds:** In a vacuum chamber, where there is no air resistance, all objects fall at the same rate due to the same gravitational acceleration regardless of their masses. Hence, the golf ball and the Ping-Pong ball will have the same speed halfway to the bottom.

- **Kinetic Energies:** Kinetic energy is given by the formula \( KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 \). Since both balls have the same speed, their kinetic energy will be different due to their different masses. The golf ball, being more massive, will have a greater kinetic energy compared to the Ping-Pong ball.

- **Potential Energies:** Potential energy is given by the formula \( PE = mgh \). At halfway to the bottom, both balls would have the same height \( h \), but their potential energies would differ based on their masses. The more massive golf ball will have a greater potential energy compared to the Ping-Pong ball.

- **Momenta:** Momentum is given by the formula \( p = mv \). With the same speed, the more massive golf ball will have a greater momentum compared to the Ping-Pong ball.

By analyzing these factors, students can understand the influence of mass and gravity on different aspects of motion in a vacuum environment.
Transcribed Image Text:**Question 43: Analysis of Falling Objects in a Vacuum** A golf ball and a Ping-Pong ball are dropped in a vacuum chamber. When they have fallen halfway to the bottom, how do their speeds compare? Their kinetic energies? Their potential energies? Their momenta? --- **Explanation:** - **Speeds:** In a vacuum chamber, where there is no air resistance, all objects fall at the same rate due to the same gravitational acceleration regardless of their masses. Hence, the golf ball and the Ping-Pong ball will have the same speed halfway to the bottom. - **Kinetic Energies:** Kinetic energy is given by the formula \( KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 \). Since both balls have the same speed, their kinetic energy will be different due to their different masses. The golf ball, being more massive, will have a greater kinetic energy compared to the Ping-Pong ball. - **Potential Energies:** Potential energy is given by the formula \( PE = mgh \). At halfway to the bottom, both balls would have the same height \( h \), but their potential energies would differ based on their masses. The more massive golf ball will have a greater potential energy compared to the Ping-Pong ball. - **Momenta:** Momentum is given by the formula \( p = mv \). With the same speed, the more massive golf ball will have a greater momentum compared to the Ping-Pong ball. By analyzing these factors, students can understand the influence of mass and gravity on different aspects of motion in a vacuum environment.
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