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40. Given that fc(ol) = 100 Hz, Aol = 50 dB, and fc(cl) = 3 kHz, determine the closed-loop gain in decibels What is the unity-gain bandwidth in Problem 40? 42 to 44. For each amplifier in the Figures shown determine the closed-loop gain, Acl and bandwidth, BWcl. The op-amps in each circuit exhibit an open-loop gain, Aol of 100 dB and a unity-gain bandwidth, fT of 1 MHz

40. Given that fc(ol) = 100 Hz, Aol = 50 dB, and fc(cl) = 3 kHz, determine the closed-loop gain in decibels What is the unity-gain bandwidth in Problem 40? 42 to 44. For each amplifier in the Figures shown determine the closed-loop gain, Acl and bandwidth, BWcl. The op-amps in each circuit exhibit an open-loop gain, Aol of 100 dB and a unity-gain bandwidth, fT of 1 MHz

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN:9780133923605
Author:Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:Robert L. Boylestad
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40. Given that fc(ol) = 100 Hz, Aol = 50 dB, and fc(cl) = 3 kHz, determine the closed-loop gain in decibels

  1. What is the unity-gain bandwidth in Problem 40?

42 to 44. For each amplifier in the Figures shown determine the closed-loop gain, Acl and bandwidth, BWcl. The op-amps in each circuit exhibit an open-loop gain, Aol of 100 dB and a unity-gain bandwidth, fT of 1 MHz

 

### Operational Amplifier Circuits The following diagrams illustrate several basic configurations of operational amplifier circuits, each serving different purposes in electronic systems. Understanding these configurations is essential for electronics students and professionals. #### Diagram (a): Voltage Follower In this configuration: - **Input (V_in)**: It is connected directly to the non-inverting input (+) of the operational amplifier (op-amp). - **Output (V_out)**: The output is fed back to the inverting input (-), forming a loop. **Purpose**: This setup is known as a voltage follower or buffer. It provides unity gain (V_out = V_in), meaning the output voltage directly follows the input voltage. This configuration is used to provide high input impedance and low output impedance, effectively isolating different stages of a circuit without loading them. #### Diagram (b): Inverting Amplifier In this configuration: - **Input (V_in)**: It is connected to the inverting input (-) of the op-amp through a resistor (R_i) of 2 kΩ. - **Feedback Resistor (R_f)**: A 10 kΩ resistor connects the output (V_out) to the inverting input (-). - **Non-inverting Input (+)**: It is connected to ground through a resistor of 1.7 kΩ. **Purpose**: This setup is known as an inverting amplifier. The gain of the amplifier is determined by the ratio of the feedback resistor (R_f) to the input resistor (R_i). The gain (A_v) is given by: \[A_v = -\frac{R_f}{R_i} = -\frac{10 \, \text{k}Ω}{2 \, \text{k}Ω} = -5\] Thus, the output voltage (V_out) is an inverted version of the input voltage (V_in) scaled by a factor of 5. #### Diagram (c): Non-inverting Amplifier In this configuration: - **Input (V_in)**: It is connected to the non-inverting input (+) of the op-amp. - **Feedback Resistor (R_f)**: A 2 kΩ resistor connects the output (V_out) to the inverting input (-) of the op-amp. - **Resistor (R_i)**: A 1 kΩ resistor is connected between the inverting input (-) and ground. **Purpose**: This
Transcribed Image Text:### Operational Amplifier Circuits The following diagrams illustrate several basic configurations of operational amplifier circuits, each serving different purposes in electronic systems. Understanding these configurations is essential for electronics students and professionals. #### Diagram (a): Voltage Follower In this configuration: - **Input (V_in)**: It is connected directly to the non-inverting input (+) of the operational amplifier (op-amp). - **Output (V_out)**: The output is fed back to the inverting input (-), forming a loop. **Purpose**: This setup is known as a voltage follower or buffer. It provides unity gain (V_out = V_in), meaning the output voltage directly follows the input voltage. This configuration is used to provide high input impedance and low output impedance, effectively isolating different stages of a circuit without loading them. #### Diagram (b): Inverting Amplifier In this configuration: - **Input (V_in)**: It is connected to the inverting input (-) of the op-amp through a resistor (R_i) of 2 kΩ. - **Feedback Resistor (R_f)**: A 10 kΩ resistor connects the output (V_out) to the inverting input (-). - **Non-inverting Input (+)**: It is connected to ground through a resistor of 1.7 kΩ. **Purpose**: This setup is known as an inverting amplifier. The gain of the amplifier is determined by the ratio of the feedback resistor (R_f) to the input resistor (R_i). The gain (A_v) is given by: \[A_v = -\frac{R_f}{R_i} = -\frac{10 \, \text{k}Ω}{2 \, \text{k}Ω} = -5\] Thus, the output voltage (V_out) is an inverted version of the input voltage (V_in) scaled by a factor of 5. #### Diagram (c): Non-inverting Amplifier In this configuration: - **Input (V_in)**: It is connected to the non-inverting input (+) of the op-amp. - **Feedback Resistor (R_f)**: A 2 kΩ resistor connects the output (V_out) to the inverting input (-) of the op-amp. - **Resistor (R_i)**: A 1 kΩ resistor is connected between the inverting input (-) and ground. **Purpose**: This
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