4.79 Colonoscopy, Anyone? A colonoscopy is a screening test for colon cancer, recommended as a routine test for adults over age 50. One study pro- vides some evidence that this test saves lives. The proportion of people with colon polyps expected to die from colon cancer is 0.01. A sample of 2602 peo- ple who had polyps removed during a colonoscopy were followed for 20 years, and 12 of them died from colon cancer. We want to assess the strength of evidence that the proportion of people who die from colon cancer after having polyps removed in a colonoscopy is less than the expected proportion (without a colonoscopy) of 0.01. (a) What are the null and alternative hypotheses? (b) What is the sample proportion? (c) Figure 4.24 shows a randomization distribution of proportions for this test. Use the fact that there are 1000 dots in the distribution to find the p-value. Explain your reasoning. 0.0046 0.0100 Figure 4.24 Randomization distribution for 1000 samples testing effectiveness of colonoscopies 21 Zauber, et al., "Colonoscopic Polypectomy and Long-Term Prevention of Colorectal-Cancer Deaths," New England Journal of Medicine, 2012; 366: 687-96. 4 2. th po th tre WI WL us to bra bal pla this bra (a) (b)

4.79 Colonoscopy, Anyone? A colonoscopy is a screening test for colon cancer, recommended as a routine test for adults over age 50. One study pro- vides some evidence that this test saves lives. The proportion of people with colon polyps expected to die from colon cancer is 0.01. A sample of 2602 peo- ple who had polyps removed during a colonoscopy were followed for 20 years, and 12 of them died from colon cancer. We want to assess the strength of evidence that the proportion of people who die from colon cancer after having polyps removed in a colonoscopy is less than the expected proportion (without a colonoscopy) of 0.01. (a) What are the null and alternative hypotheses? (b) What is the sample proportion? (c) Figure 4.24 shows a randomization distribution of proportions for this test. Use the fact that there are 1000 dots in the distribution to find the p-value. Explain your reasoning. 0.0046 0.0100 Figure 4.24 Randomization distribution for 1000 samples testing effectiveness of colonoscopies 21 Zauber, et al., "Colonoscopic Polypectomy and Long-Term Prevention of Colorectal-Cancer Deaths," New England Journal of Medicine, 2012; 366: 687-96. 4 2. th po th tre WI WL us to bra bal pla this bra (a) (b)

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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