4.3. A liquid-phase chemical reaction A → B takes place in a well-stirred tank. The concentration of A in the feed is CAo (mol/m3), and that in the tank and outlet stream is CA (mol/m³). Neither concentration varies with time. The volume of the tank contents is V(m³) and the volumetric flow rate of the inlet and outlet streams is V (m3/s). The reaction rate (the rate at which A is consumed by reaction in the tank) is given by the expression r(mol A consumed/s) = KVCA where k is a constant. V(m?ls) CAo(mol/m) V(m³/s) V(m³) Ca(mol/m) a. Is this process continuous, batch, or semibatch? Is it transient or steady-state? b. What would you expect the reactant concentration CA to equal if k = 0 (no reaction)? What should it approach if k → ∞ (infinitely rapid reaction)? c. Write a differential balance on A, stating which terms in the general balance equation (accumulation = input + generation – output – consumption) you discarded and why you discarded them. Use the balance to derive the following relation between the inlet and outlet reactant concentrations: СдО CA 1+ kV/V Verify that this relation predicts the results in Part (b).

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