4. Illustrate a design of a radiation detector using the principles of scintillation detection and justify the function of the components in the design
Q: The intensity of radiation of a radioactive substance was measured at half-year intervals. The…
A: The decay of atoms in radioactive substances occurs naturally. In addition to alpha particles, they…
Q: High frequency, very short wavelength Gamma Rays are used to treat some types of cancer. Describe…
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Q: 1. Name three advantages of in-situ tests and two disadvantages compared to laboratory tests. 2.…
A: 1. We have to tell 3 advantages of in-situ tests and 2 disadvantages compared to laboratory tests.…
Q: Please give a brief explanation of how X-rays were discovered and how they are produced
A: Explanation of how X-rays were discovered and how they are produced.
Q: . 134I1- Protons____ Neutrons____ Electrons
A: Isotope: species of atoms that have the same atomic number but different mass number. Here, Iodine…
Q: 134I1- Protons____ Neutrons____ Electrons
A: Given ion : I1-134to find : The number of protons, neutrons, electrons
Q: A(n) 13-kg particle has energy 37,173 kg c2 Calculate gamma (y).
A: Using formula
Q: What are x-rays used for?
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Q: Scenario 3: X ray imaging department • • • All diagnostic examinations involving medical exposures…
A: The scenario you provided describes safety protocols in an X-ray imaging department. My answer…
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- 2. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using lodine-123 is widely used for the study of thyroid diseases. The physical half-life if I-123 is approximately 13.2 hours, ideal for the 24- hour iodine uptake test, where measurement of thyroid uptake is performed approximately 24 hours after the radiopharmaceutical is administered orally. Assume an administered dose of 10 MBq and accumulates mostly in the thyroid gland where it emits gamma rays with a predominant energy of 159 keV. (a) Assuming that only 25% of the emitted photons are actually absorbed in the thyroid gland, calculate the absorbed dose rate in the thyroid immediately after the radiopharmaceutical is administered. Assume that the thyroid gland weighs 20 grams in adult males, although this varies significantly with various factors. (b) If we ignore the decay of the source, what would be the total absorbed dose during the 24- hour uptake period leading up to the SPECT scan? (c) Using the result from (b) and…Scenario 3: X ray imaging department • • • All diagnostic examinations involving medical exposures are performed with the radiation dose to the patient being as low as reasonably practicable to achieve the required quality of image. • All operating personnel must withdraw from the treatment area when the X-ray tube is in operation. • Personal dosimeters (film badge) should be worn on the front of the body, in the area of the main torso, anywhere from waist to neck. Individuals who wear lead garments should position the whole body dosimeter at collar level, outside of any lead protection. • When not wearing the dosimeter, it should be stored in an area away from any radiation sources. • Do not lend your dosimeter to another person, and do not wear another person’s dosimeter. • Personal dosimeters must be submitted for analysis every 3 months. • If your dosimeter is damaged or lost, promptly contact the badge coordinator or the Radiation Safety Office. • Personnel must inform the…What are the minimum energies of the two oppositely directed gamma rays in a PET procedure?
- 2.) Sonar, cell phones, and television remote control devices all use gamma rays. a. True b. FalseRADIATION DOSIMETRY A THEORY RADIATION DOSES non-SI units (relationship between units) Dose Formula SI units ΔΕ J/kg = Gray (Gy) Absorbed Dose, rad 1 Gy = 100 rad Δm AE is the energy lost from the radiation beam, and Am is the mass of the material into which the energy is absorbed. ΔQ Roentgen (R) 1R = 2,58 · 104 C/kg Exposure dose, C/kg Δm where AQ is the electric charge freed by such radiation in a specified volume of air divided by the mass Am of that air. Relationship between absorbed dose and exposure dose D = f · X D is adsorbed dose , f is a coefficient depending on the kind of tissue being irradiated. H = Q · D where H is dose equivalent, Q is relative biological effectiveness of a particular kind of radiation, D is adsorbed dose. Equivalent Dose, Sievert rem Н (Sv) 1 Sv =100 rem Effective H ΣΗT Sievert rem 1 Sv =100 rem Equivalent Dose , Hef where HT = Wr · H, is the tissue-weighted dose equivalent to an organ or tissue, H, is the dose equivalent to the organ or tissue and the…What are the conditions necessary for x-ray production?