4. If an aqueous solution of NH4Br is mixed with an aqueous solution of Na2SO4: a. there are no spectator ions because both products are insoluble b. NH4 and SO4 are spectator ions c. Na and Br are spectator ions d. all four ions (NH4, Na, Br, and SO4) are spectator ions because no reaction occurs

4. If an aqueous solution of NH4Br is mixed with an aqueous solution of Na2SO4: a. there are no spectator ions because both products are insoluble b. NH4 and SO4 are spectator ions c. Na and Br are spectator ions d. all four ions (NH4, Na, Br, and SO4) are spectator ions because no reaction occurs

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter4: Types Of Chemical Reactions And Solution Stoichiometry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 55E: Write the balanced formula and net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when the contents of...

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n general terms, what are the spectator ions in a precipitation reaction? Why are the spectator ions not included in writing the net ionic equation for a precipitation reaction? Does this mean that the spectator ions do not have to be present in the solution?
Write the balanced formula and net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when the contents of the two beakers are added together. What colors represent the spectator ions in each reaction? mg src=Images/HTML_99425-7-17ALQ_image001.jpg alt="" align="top"/> mg src=Images/HTML_99425-7-17ALQ_image002.jpg alt="" align="top"/>
Aqueous hydrogen fluoride (hydrofluoric acid) is used to etch glass and to analyze minerals for their silicon content. Hydrogen fluoride will also react with sand (silicon dioxide). (a) Write an equation for the reaction of solid silicon dioxide with hydrofluoric acid to yield gaseous silicon tetrafluoride and liquid water. (b) The mineral fluorite (calcium fluoride) occurs extensively in Illinois. Solid calcium fluoride can also be prepared by the reaction of aqueous solutions of calcium chloride and sodium fluoride, yielding aqueous sodium chloride as the other product. Write complete and net ionic equations for this reaction.
4.112 A metallurgical firm wishes to dispose of 1300 gallons of waste sulfuric acid whose molarity is 1.37 M. Before disposal, it will be reacted with calcium hydroxide (slaked lime), which costs $0.23 per pound. (a) Write the balanced chemical equation for this process. (b) Determine the cost that the firm will incur from this use of slaked lime.
A 300.0-g sample of a solid is made up of a uniform mixture of NaNO3, MgCl2, and BaCl2. A 100.0-g sample of the mixture is dissolved in water and treated with an excess of KOH. The precipitate from the reaction has a mass of 13.47 g. The remaining 200.0-g sample is also dissolved in water and treated with an aqueous solution of AgNO3. The resulting precipitate has a mass of 195.8 g. What are the masses of NaNO3, MgCl2, and BaCl2 in the 300.0-g sample?
Citric acid, which can be obtained from lemon juice, has the molecular formula C6H8O7. A 0.250-g sample of citric acid dissolved in 25.0 mL of water requires 37.2 mL of 0.105 M NaOH for complete neutralization. What number of acidic hydrogens per molecule does citric acid have?
The Behavior of Substances in Water Part 1: a Ammonia, NH3, is a weak electrolyte. It forms ions in solution by reacting with water molecules to form the ammonium ion and hydroxide ion. Write the balanced chemical reaction for this process, including state symbols. b From everyday experience you are probably aware that table sugar (sucrose), C12H22O11, is soluble in water. When sucrose dissolves in water, it doesnt form ions through any reaction with water. It just dissolves without forming ions, so it is a nonelectrolyte. Write the chemical equation for the dissolving of sucrose in water. c Both NH3 and C12H22O11 are soluble molecular compounds, yet they behave differently in aqueous solution. Briefly explain why one is a weak electrolyte and the other is a nonelectrolyte. d Hydrochloric acid, HCl, is a molecular compound that is a strong electrolyte. Write the chemical reaction of HCl with water. e Compare the ammonia reaction with that of hydrochloric acid. Why are both of these substances considered electrolytes? f Explain why HCl is a strong electrolyte and ammonia is a weak electrolyte. g Classify each of the following substances as either ionic or molecular. KCl NH3 CO2 MgBr2 HCl Ca(OH)2 PbS HC2H3O2 h For those compounds above that you classified as ionic, use the solubility rules to determine which are soluble. i The majority of ionic substances are solids at room temperature. Describe what you would observe if you placed a soluble ionic compound and an insoluble ionic compound in separate beakers of water. j Write the chemical equation(s), including state symbols, for what happens when each soluble ionic compound that you identified above is placed in water. Are these substances reacting with water when they are added to water? k How would you classify the soluble ionic compounds: strong electrolyte, weak electrolyte, or nonelectrolyte? Explain your answer. l Sodium chloride, NaCl, is a strong electrolyte, as is hydroiodic acid, HI. Write the chemical equations for what happens when these substances are added to water. m Are NaCl and HI strong electrolytes because they have similar behavior in aqueous solution? If not, describe, using words and equations, the different chemical process that takes place in each case. Part 2: You have two hypothetical molecular compounds, AX and AY. AX is a strong electrolyte and AY is a weak electrolyte. The compounds undergo the following chemical reactions when added to water. AX(aq)+H2O(l)AH2O+(aq)+X(aq)AY(aq)+H2O(l)AH2O+(aq)+Y(aq) a Explain how the relative amounts of AX(aq) and AY(aq) would compare if you had a beaker of water with AX and a beaker of water with AY. b How would the relative amounts of X(aq) and Y(aq) in the two beakers compare? Be sure to explain your answer.
onsider separate aqueous solutions of HCI and H2S04 with the same concentrations in terms of molarity. You wish to neutralize au aqueous solution of’ NaOH. For which acid solution would you need to add more volume (in mL) to neutralize the base? The HCI solution. The H2SO4 solution. You need to know the acid concentrations to answer this question. You need to know the volume and concentration of’ the NaOH solution to answer this question. c and d plain your answer.
You mix 25.0 mL of 0.234-M FeCl3 solution with 42.5 mL of 0.453-M NaOH. Calculate the maximum mass, in grams, of Fe(OH)3 that will precipitate. Determine which reactant is in excess. Calculate the concentration of the excess reactant remaining in solution after the maximum mass of Fe(OH)3 has precipitated.
Saccharin (C7H5NO3S) is sometimes dispensed in tablet form. Ten tablets with a total mass of 0.5894 g were dissolved in water. The saccharin was oxidized to convert all the sulfur to sulfate ion, which was precipitated by adding an excess of barium chloride solution. The mass of BaSO4 obtained was 0.5032 g. What is the average mass of saccharin per tablet? What is the average mass percent of saccharin in the tablets?
1. Sometimes a reaction can fall in more than one category. Into what category (or categories) does the reaction of Ba(OH)2(aq) + H+PO4(aq) fit? acid-base and oxidation-reduction oxidation-reduction acid-base and precipitation precipitation
One method for determining the purity of aspirin (C9H8O4) is to hydrolyze it with NaOH solution and then to titrate the remaining NaOH. The reaction of aspirin with NaOH is as follows: A sample of aspirin with a mass of 1.427 g was boiled in 50.00 mL of 0.500 M NaOH. After the solution was cooled, it took 31.92 mL of 0.289 M HCl to titrate the excess NaOH. Calculate the purity of the aspirin. What indicator should be used for this titration? Why?

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