4. Draw a mechanism for each of the following transformations: Br Dilute HBr a) Br, Dilute HBr (b) Dilute HCI (c)

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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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**Question 4:** Draw a mechanism for each of the following transformations:

**a)**  
- Transformation of cyclohexene with dilute HBr to form bromocyclohexane.

**b)**  
- Transformation of 1-methylcyclopentene with dilute HBr to form 1-bromo-1-methylcyclopentane.

**c)**  
- Transformation of 1,2-dimethylcyclohexene with dilute HCl to form 1-chloro-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane.

**Explanation:**

For each of these transformations, an alkene reacts with a dilute hydrogen halide (HBr or HCl). The mechanism typically involves the following steps:

1. **Protonation of Alkene:** The pi bond of the alkene attacks the hydrogen of the acid (HBr or HCl), leading to the formation of a carbocation.
2. **Nucleophilic Attack:** The halide ion (Br⁻ or Cl⁻) attacks the carbocation, resulting in the formation of the halogenated product.

The mechanism should illustrate these steps, showing the movement of electrons with arrows to indicate the formation of intermediates and final products.
Transcribed Image Text:**Question 4:** Draw a mechanism for each of the following transformations: **a)** - Transformation of cyclohexene with dilute HBr to form bromocyclohexane. **b)** - Transformation of 1-methylcyclopentene with dilute HBr to form 1-bromo-1-methylcyclopentane. **c)** - Transformation of 1,2-dimethylcyclohexene with dilute HCl to form 1-chloro-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane. **Explanation:** For each of these transformations, an alkene reacts with a dilute hydrogen halide (HBr or HCl). The mechanism typically involves the following steps: 1. **Protonation of Alkene:** The pi bond of the alkene attacks the hydrogen of the acid (HBr or HCl), leading to the formation of a carbocation. 2. **Nucleophilic Attack:** The halide ion (Br⁻ or Cl⁻) attacks the carbocation, resulting in the formation of the halogenated product. The mechanism should illustrate these steps, showing the movement of electrons with arrows to indicate the formation of intermediates and final products.
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