Answered: 4. Describing the data: a. In Figure 2a…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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4. Describing the data:
a. In Figure 2a and 2d, what can you determine about
the ability of the parasite to infect its host?

b. Figure 2b and 2e as compared to Figure 2c and
2f, how did spore production correlate with the
Daphnia’s ability to reproduce? (Note the y-axis
indicates a decrease in Daphnia fecundity.)

use the images on the picture attached!

NATIONAL CENTER FOR CASE STUDY TEACHING IN SCIENCE
Part II – Examine, Interpret, and Compare
1.0
1.0
0.8
Now we will examine the coevolutionary relationships
between host and parasite in a naturalistic setting. Look at
the graphs in Figure 2 of Daphnia (water fleas) and Pasteuria
(bacterial microparasite), two symbiotic species preserved in
pond sediment over time. Use these graphs to answer the
following questions.
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1
b.
300
Questions
1,100
250
4. Describing the data:
a. In Figure 2a and 2d, what can you determine about
the ability of the parasite to infect its host?
200
800
150
600
100
50
D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1
400
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1
80
70
60
50
b. Figure 2b and 2e as compared to Figure 2c and
2f, how did spore production correlate with the
Daphnias ability to reproduce? (Note the y-axis
indicates a decrease in Daphnia fecundity.)
40
D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1
Time (from distant to more recent past)
Figure 2. Pastura infectivity and virulence over time. a-c,
Experiment 1; d-f, experiment 2. a, d, Pasteuria infectiv-
ity; b,e, Pasteuria spore production; c, f, decrease in Daph-
nia fecundity (clonal average of control individuals minus
clonal average of infected individuals). Results are means
+ s.e.m. and include only “contemporary" combinations.
Time reflects parasite isolate depth, with D8 referring to
the oldest sediment layer. The effects of parasite isolate
depth as continuous covariable in a general linnear model
(including significant effects of experiment; parasite iso-
late depth was nested in experiment) are as follows: on
Pasteuria infectivity, F10 - 0.52, P = 0.59; on Pasteuria
spore production, F, = 9.6, P = 0.0002; on decrease in
Daphnia fecundity, F, = 5.03, P = 0.009.
Source: Decaestecker et al., 2007. Reprinted by permis-
sion from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: Nature, © 2007.
5. Using this data, how has Pasteuria adapted (i.e., spore
production, virulence and/or infectivity) as a parasite to
its host over time?
Pasteuria spore production (x10)
Pasteuria infectivity

Definition Definition Organism that lives in the body of another organism and obtains food at the expense of the host. A parasite can directly or indirect harm the host. There are two kinds of parasites: internal and external. An internal parasite lives inside another organism and is known as an endoparasite. An external parasite lives on the body surface of the host and is known as an ectoparasite. Protozoa and helminths are examples of major human parasites.

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