4. Complete the standard epidemiology 2x2 contingency table. Include all numbers and the app row/column headings. 2x2 table 5. Calculate the relative risk. Show formulas and work. 6. Articulate your findings about the association in a sentence. (Those who...)
4. Complete the standard epidemiology 2x2 contingency table. Include all numbers and the app row/column headings. 2x2 table 5. Calculate the relative risk. Show formulas and work. 6. Articulate your findings about the association in a sentence. (Those who...)
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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![**4. Complete the standard epidemiology 2x2 contingency table. Include all numbers and the appropriate row/column headings.**
| 2x2 Table | Exposed | Not Exposed | Total |
|---------------------|-----------|---------------|---------|
| **Disease Present** | | | |
| **Disease Absent** | | | |
| **Total** | | | |
**5. Calculate the relative risk. Show formulas and work.**
\[ \text{Relative Risk (RR)} = \frac{\text{Incidence rate in exposed group}}{\text{Incidence rate in non-exposed group}} \]
(Provide calculation with numbers and formula work in this section.)
**6. Articulate your findings about the association in a sentence. (Those who…)**
(Provide a complete sentence summarizing the association found in the analysis.)
**7. What Public Health advice might we offer?**
(Offer a brief paragraph with public health recommendations based on the findings.)](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F4815bf61-30e9-4f4b-9721-d75accca7317%2F6b8f8553-ac1e-49ac-8d93-38e82d2ad0fd%2F38pox1_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**4. Complete the standard epidemiology 2x2 contingency table. Include all numbers and the appropriate row/column headings.**
| 2x2 Table | Exposed | Not Exposed | Total |
|---------------------|-----------|---------------|---------|
| **Disease Present** | | | |
| **Disease Absent** | | | |
| **Total** | | | |
**5. Calculate the relative risk. Show formulas and work.**
\[ \text{Relative Risk (RR)} = \frac{\text{Incidence rate in exposed group}}{\text{Incidence rate in non-exposed group}} \]
(Provide calculation with numbers and formula work in this section.)
**6. Articulate your findings about the association in a sentence. (Those who…)**
(Provide a complete sentence summarizing the association found in the analysis.)
**7. What Public Health advice might we offer?**
(Offer a brief paragraph with public health recommendations based on the findings.)
Transcribed Image Text:### Educational Transcription:
**Study Design Instructions:**
- **Categorization:**
- Place the DISEASE across the top of a 2x2 table.
- Place the EXPOSURE down the side.
- **Study Design Options:**
- Ecological
- Cross-sectional
- Case Control
- Prospective Cohort
- Retrospective Cohort
- Randomized Clinical Trial
- **Statistical Conventions:**
- All Relative Risks (RRs) and Odds Ratios (ORs) should be presented with two decimal places (e.g., 1.34, 2.10, 0.65).
---
**Study 1 Description:**
A study was conducted by the NIH (National Institute for Health) with a large population that examined smoking and the occurrence of lung cancer. During the study period:
- **Smokers:** 1,800 developed lung cancer
- **Non-smokers:** 200 developed lung cancer
The total study population included:
- **Current smokers:** 241,800
- **Non-smokers:** 478,000
---
**Questions for Consideration:**
1. **Research Question Formulation:**
- Write down the research question for this study, ensuring to include both the exposure (smoking) and the outcome (lung cancer).
2. **Feasibility of an Experimental Study:**
- Discuss whether it would be possible to conduct this study as an experiment, such as a randomized clinical trial, including justifications for your answer.
3. **Study Design Identification:**
- Identify the type of study design used in this research and explain your reasoning.
Expert Solution
Step 1
Solution ::
| Exposure / Outcome | Developed Cancer | Did not develop cancer | |
| Smokers | 1800 | 240000 | 241800 |
| Non-smokers | 200 | 477800 | 478000 |
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