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4. Complete the standard epidemiology 2x2 contingency table. Include all numbers and the app row/column headings. 2x2 table 5. Calculate the relative risk. Show formulas and work. 6. Articulate your findings about the association in a sentence. (Those who...)

4. Complete the standard epidemiology 2x2 contingency table. Include all numbers and the app row/column headings. 2x2 table 5. Calculate the relative risk. Show formulas and work. 6. Articulate your findings about the association in a sentence. (Those who...)

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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**4. Complete the standard epidemiology 2x2 contingency table. Include all numbers and the appropriate row/column headings.** | 2x2 Table | Exposed | Not Exposed | Total | |---------------------|-----------|---------------|---------| | **Disease Present** | | | | | **Disease Absent** | | | | | **Total** | | | | **5. Calculate the relative risk. Show formulas and work.** \[ \text{Relative Risk (RR)} = \frac{\text{Incidence rate in exposed group}}{\text{Incidence rate in non-exposed group}} \] (Provide calculation with numbers and formula work in this section.) **6. Articulate your findings about the association in a sentence. (Those who…)** (Provide a complete sentence summarizing the association found in the analysis.) **7. What Public Health advice might we offer?** (Offer a brief paragraph with public health recommendations based on the findings.)
Transcribed Image Text:**4. Complete the standard epidemiology 2x2 contingency table. Include all numbers and the appropriate row/column headings.** | 2x2 Table | Exposed | Not Exposed | Total | |---------------------|-----------|---------------|---------| | **Disease Present** | | | | | **Disease Absent** | | | | | **Total** | | | | **5. Calculate the relative risk. Show formulas and work.** \[ \text{Relative Risk (RR)} = \frac{\text{Incidence rate in exposed group}}{\text{Incidence rate in non-exposed group}} \] (Provide calculation with numbers and formula work in this section.) **6. Articulate your findings about the association in a sentence. (Those who…)** (Provide a complete sentence summarizing the association found in the analysis.) **7. What Public Health advice might we offer?** (Offer a brief paragraph with public health recommendations based on the findings.)
### Educational Transcription: **Study Design Instructions:** - **Categorization:** - Place the DISEASE across the top of a 2x2 table. - Place the EXPOSURE down the side. - **Study Design Options:** - Ecological - Cross-sectional - Case Control - Prospective Cohort - Retrospective Cohort - Randomized Clinical Trial - **Statistical Conventions:** - All Relative Risks (RRs) and Odds Ratios (ORs) should be presented with two decimal places (e.g., 1.34, 2.10, 0.65). --- **Study 1 Description:** A study was conducted by the NIH (National Institute for Health) with a large population that examined smoking and the occurrence of lung cancer. During the study period: - **Smokers:** 1,800 developed lung cancer - **Non-smokers:** 200 developed lung cancer The total study population included: - **Current smokers:** 241,800 - **Non-smokers:** 478,000 --- **Questions for Consideration:** 1. **Research Question Formulation:** - Write down the research question for this study, ensuring to include both the exposure (smoking) and the outcome (lung cancer). 2. **Feasibility of an Experimental Study:** - Discuss whether it would be possible to conduct this study as an experiment, such as a randomized clinical trial, including justifications for your answer. 3. **Study Design Identification:** - Identify the type of study design used in this research and explain your reasoning.
Transcribed Image Text:### Educational Transcription: **Study Design Instructions:** - **Categorization:** - Place the DISEASE across the top of a 2x2 table. - Place the EXPOSURE down the side. - **Study Design Options:** - Ecological - Cross-sectional - Case Control - Prospective Cohort - Retrospective Cohort - Randomized Clinical Trial - **Statistical Conventions:** - All Relative Risks (RRs) and Odds Ratios (ORs) should be presented with two decimal places (e.g., 1.34, 2.10, 0.65). --- **Study 1 Description:** A study was conducted by the NIH (National Institute for Health) with a large population that examined smoking and the occurrence of lung cancer. During the study period: - **Smokers:** 1,800 developed lung cancer - **Non-smokers:** 200 developed lung cancer The total study population included: - **Current smokers:** 241,800 - **Non-smokers:** 478,000 --- **Questions for Consideration:** 1. **Research Question Formulation:** - Write down the research question for this study, ensuring to include both the exposure (smoking) and the outcome (lung cancer). 2. **Feasibility of an Experimental Study:** - Discuss whether it would be possible to conduct this study as an experiment, such as a randomized clinical trial, including justifications for your answer. 3. **Study Design Identification:** - Identify the type of study design used in this research and explain your reasoning.
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1. \ Are\ smokers\ more\ likely\ to\ develop\ lung\ cancer\ compared\ to\ \\ non-smokers? \ \ (exposure: Smoking\ habit, \ \ outcome: lung\ cancer) \\ 2. \ No,\ it\ is\ neither\ experiment\ nor\ control\ trial\ because\ there\ is\ no\\ active\ intervention\ carried\ out\ to\ collect\ data. \ It\ was\ purely\ observational\\ study. \\ 3. \ This\ is\ cohort\ study\ design\ because\ observations\ were\ taken\ over\\ a\ time\ period. \\ 4. \ Table\ is\ as\ shown : \\

Exposure / Outcome Developed Cancer Did not develop cancer  
Smokers 1800 240000 241800
Non-smokers 200 477800 478000
       
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