4. Cocaine binds to what area of the neuron (brain cell)? Do it Blood brain barrier Dopamine receptors Dopamine reuptake pumps Nucleus accumbens Soma/cell body
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Answer the following questions asap
4. Cocaine binds to what area of the neuron (brain cell)? Do it
Blood brain barrier
Dopamine receptors
Dopamine reuptake pumps
Nucleus accumbens
Soma/cell body
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Solved in 3 steps
- Visit this site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/neurolab) to see a virtual neurophysiology lab, and to observe electrophysiological processes in the nervous system, where scientists directly measure the electrical signals produced by neurons. Often, the action potentials occur so rapidly that watching a screen to see them occur is not helpful. A speaker is powered by the signals recorded from a neuron and it pops each time the neuron fires an action potential. These action potentials are firing so fast that it sounds like static on the radio. Electrophysiologists can recognize the patterns within that static to understand what is happening. Why is the leech model used for measuring the electrical activity of neurons instead of using humans?We talked about drug effects on neurons in sequence. The effect of alcohol is multi-faceted and the following question asks you to apply your knowledge. Imagine two neurons in sequence. The presynaptic neuron is GABAnergic and the postsynaptic neuron is dopaminergic. The effects of alcohol are not fully understood but it does seem to inhibit GABAnergic neurons. How would the release of dopamine from the postsynaptic neuron change in this case? Explain your answer, being sure to make each connection between concepts clear. If alcohol instead inhibited dopaminernergic neurons, in what way might the ion flow change in the dendrites of the postsynaptic neuron of this example?Pls explain in detail how the drug affected brain cells at the cellular or molecular level (do not just copy and paste on internet) Please write the details of each one Meth Opiate Receptor GABA Receptors Dopamine Receptor
- Identifying Neurotransmitters 3) Produces response in postsynaptic cell - Qualifying condition: Molecules evoking same response as neurotransmitters Presynaptic terminal Postsynaptic. dendrite Drug-containing micropipette (753) Apply drug by passing electrical current Stimulate axon Record V Drug application through the micro-pipette Stimulated neurons Change in membrane potential AVm Outcome 1 Outcome 2 Outcome 3 0 -30 mV 15 mV 0 -15 mV -15 mV What is the interpretation of the above results?neurotransmitters 1 In what way may drugs be used to affect neurotransmitters? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. A drug may prevent the binding of a neurotransmitterto a receptor. b, A drug may increase the amount of neurotransmitter released. A drug may prevent the release of aneurotransmitter, d. A drug may affect the degradation of a neurotransmitter Drugemay affect neurotranemitters usng al of the mechanismslsted. UnansweredGive 2 examples of drugs which target neurotransmitter release or reuptake.(expect from cocaine and Prozac). Explain the mechanisms of action.
- Which of these neurotransmitters is an endocannabinoid? ts O glutamate O adenosine O serotonin all are endocannabinoids none are endocannabinoids1. Choose (place an X) whether the characteristic applies to the Nervous System or Endocrine System (or both) Characteristic Action is generally brief (lasting milliseconds). Action generally lasts longer (seconds to days). Mediator molecules delivered to target by bloodstream. Action potentials trigger release of mediator molecules at synapse with target. Target cells require specific protein receptor for mediator molecule. Stimulates skeletal muscle contractions. Influence is much broader; will regulate virtually all types of body cells. Controls growth & development and regulates reproductive systems. Maintains internal environments (homeostasis) Nervous Endocrine Mediator molecules include acetylcholine, glutamate, norepinephrine, serotonin Mediator molecules include aldosterone, melatonin, insulin, calcitoniny "w termta. 3. Increasing the temperature of the Ringer's solution bathing the frog heart will (decrease / increase / have no effect on) the heart rate of the frog. 4. Decreasing the temperature of the Ringer's solution bathing the frog heart will (decrease / increase / have no effect on) the heart rate of the frog. PhysioEx Ex. 6 – Activity 4 1. What effect would a parasympathetic agonist have on heart rate? 2. What effect would a parasympathetic antagonist have on heart rate? 3. What two effects would a sympathetic agonist have on heart rate? 4. What two effects would a sympathetic antagonist have on heart rate? 5. In this lab you applied several drugs to a frog heart. What drug might you administer if you need to increase cardiac output without affecting stroke volume*? 6. In this lab you applied several drugs to a frog heart. What drug might you administer if you need to decrease cardiac output without affecting stroke volume? 7. In this lab you applied several drugs to a frog…
- Match the stages of action potential with the appropriate image or description. PICK AND MATCH FROM THESE 1. Resting membrane potential 2. Threshold 3. Depolarization 4. Repolarization 5. Hyperpolarization 6. Refractory period The potential difference that must be met in order for an action potential to be generated When the potential drops below resting level Location 3 on this image When the potential starts to decrease again after it has reached a maximum Location 4 on this image Occurs at -77 mV When the membrane is resetting and an action potential cannot yet be produced again When the sodium channels are open Occurs at -55 mVEndocrine Ligand acting on intracellular receptor should be: O Hydrophilic O Hydrophobic O Amphipathic O Macromolecule What kinds of molecules may pass throughSympathetic System (Adrenergic System) (Norepinephrine) ? What receptor type and location? Alpha 1 - Alpha 2 Beta 1 (Heart) Beta 2 - (Broncodilation) Adrenergic Stimulation Epinephrine -- Not very selective for one type of receptor. (Where are they??) Mixed response can depend upon epinephrine dose -- low doses Beta effects predominate against alpha effects. Cardiostimulation (leads to ???) Bronchodilation (potential therapeutic for what disease state)? Hyperglycemia (Endocrine system can also be involved, exacerbates what disease state?) Adrenergic blocker Alpha Blockers (What disease States would possibly use this type of blocker?) Beta-Blockers ((What disease States would possibly use this type of blocker?) Non selective and selective If you affect the neurotransmitter receptor in a parasympathetic neuron- What will happen? What and where are the muscarinic vs nicotinic Receptors Cholinergic Agonists (Stimulation of acetylcholine neurons) Increased Salivation/Sweating (peripheral)…