4. A square foundation will be constructed at ground surface. The subsoil profile is shown in the figure below. The mat will have a net uniform load of 500 psf at El. 0. The mat will have a net uniform load (Induce stress) at El. -15 of 360 psf, the primary consolidation settlement (in.) of the clay layer directly below the center of the foudnation is? ORIGINAL GROUND SURFACE ELEV. Oft ELEV-5 ft ELEV-10 ft ELEV-20 ft ::. 30 ft SAND Y = 115 pcf MAT FOUNDATION SAND /1/1 NORMALLY CONSOLIDATED CLAY SATURATED UNIT WEIGHT = 95 pcf COMPRESSION INDEX C₂ = 0.29 VOID RATIO = 1.0 ;. Y = 105 pcf 7 GROUNDWATER TABLE

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Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.