4. A circular curve connects two tangents that intersect at an angle of 48°. The point of intersection of the tangents is located at station (948+67.32). If the design speed of the highway is 60 mi/h, 1) Determine the radius of the curve (use e=0.08); 2) Determine the starting and ending points of the curves; 3) Determine the deflection angles and chord length of whole stations for laying out the curve.

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Curve setting

A curve is a turn that is provided horizontally or vertically in the design of highways, railways, and runways. A curve connects two straight lines that are separated by the deflection angle. It helps to change the direction and alignment of the highways, railway tracks, and runways. Therefore, the gradual change in their alignment is made by using a curve to provide comfort to the passengers and this also provides an easy turn to change the direction of the moving vehicle.