4 Let the trace function be Tr(M) = m1,1 + ... + Mn,n. Define also the sum down the other diagonal Tr* (M) = M1,n + ··· + Mn, 1. (a) Show that the two functions Tr, Tr*: Mnxn → R are linear. (b) Show that the function 0: Mnxn → R2 given by 0(M)= (Tr(M), Tr* (m)) is linear. (c) Generalize the prior item.

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
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Please do Exercise 4 part A,B,C. Please show step by step and explain and the topic for this section is Magic squares

1 Let M be a 3×3 magic square with magic number s.
(a) Prove that the sum of M's entries is 3s.
(b) Prove that s =
3. m2, 2.
(c) Prove that m2,2 is the average of the entries in its row, its column, and in
each diagonal.
(d) Prove that m2,2 is the median of M's entries.
2 Solve the system a+b = s, c+d=s, a+c=s, b+d=s, a+d=s, and b+c=s.
3 Show that dim M2,0 = 0.
4 Let the trace function be Tr(M) = m₁,1 + · +mn,n. Define also the sum down
the other diagonal Tr* (M) = m1,n + ··· + Mn, 1.
(a) Show that the two functions Tr, Tr*: Mnxn → R are linear.
(b) Show that the function 0: Mnxn → R² given by 0(M) = (Tr(M), Tr* (m)) is
linear.
(c) Generalize the prior item.
Transcribed Image Text:1 Let M be a 3×3 magic square with magic number s. (a) Prove that the sum of M's entries is 3s. (b) Prove that s = 3. m2, 2. (c) Prove that m2,2 is the average of the entries in its row, its column, and in each diagonal. (d) Prove that m2,2 is the median of M's entries. 2 Solve the system a+b = s, c+d=s, a+c=s, b+d=s, a+d=s, and b+c=s. 3 Show that dim M2,0 = 0. 4 Let the trace function be Tr(M) = m₁,1 + · +mn,n. Define also the sum down the other diagonal Tr* (M) = m1,n + ··· + Mn, 1. (a) Show that the two functions Tr, Tr*: Mnxn → R are linear. (b) Show that the function 0: Mnxn → R² given by 0(M) = (Tr(M), Tr* (m)) is linear. (c) Generalize the prior item.
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