4 17. Let A = and B = {b1, b2}, for b = b2 = Define T: R? -→ R² by T(x) = Ax. a. Verify that b, is an eigenvector of A but that A is not diagonalizable. [-]- b. Find the B-matrix for T.
Unitary Method
The word “unitary” comes from the word “unit”, which means a single and complete entity. In this method, we find the value of a unit product from the given number of products, and then we solve for the other number of products.
Speed, Time, and Distance
Imagine you and 3 of your friends are planning to go to the playground at 6 in the evening. Your house is one mile away from the playground and one of your friends named Jim must start at 5 pm to reach the playground by walk. The other two friends are 3 miles away.
Profit and Loss
The amount earned or lost on the sale of one or more items is referred to as the profit or loss on that item.
Units and Measurements
Measurements and comparisons are the foundation of science and engineering. We, therefore, need rules that tell us how things are measured and compared. For these measurements and comparisons, we perform certain experiments, and we will need the experiments to set up the devices.
![(p) =
entries
and is
p(1)
p(0)
a. Show that T is a linear transformation.
tr(FG) = tr(GF) for any two n x n m
Show that if A and B are similar, then tr
b. Find the matrix for T relative to the basis {1, t, t²,t³} for
P3 and the standard basis for R“.
26. It can be shown that the trace of a matrix
the eigenvalues of A. Verify this statemer
A is diagonalizable.
In Exercises 11 and 12, find the B-matrix for the transformation
X> Ax, where B = {b1, b2}.
27. Let V be R" with a basis B = {b1,...
with the standard basis, denoted here by
identity transformation I : R" → R", wE
the matrix for I relative to B and E. W
called in Section 4.4?
-4 -1
11. A =
Di =
b2 =
-6
28. Let V be a vector space with a basis B =
be the same space V with a basis C = {
be the identity transformation I :V →
for I relative to B and C. What was
12. A =
b, =
b, =
In Exercises 13–16, define T : R² → R² by T(x) = Ax. Find a
basis B for R2 with the property that [T]B is diagonal.
Section 4.7?
13. А %3D
14. A =
29. Let V be a vector space with a basis B
the B-matrix for the identity transform=
4
16. A =
15. A =
3
[M] In Exercises 30 and 31, find the B-mat
tion x→ Ax where B = {b,, b2, b3}.
17. Let A =
and B = {b1, b2}, for bi =
-1
2
6 -2 -2
30. A = | 3 1 -2
b, =
Define T : R2 → R² by T(x) = Ax.
2 -2
[1] 2
a. Verify that bị is an eigenvector of A but that A is not
diagonalizable.
[-1
b3 =
b1 =
1 , b2 =
1
-1
b. Find the B-matrix for T.
18. Define T :R³ → R³ by T(x) = Ax, where A is a 3 x 3
matrix with eigenvalues 5, 5, and -2. Does there exist a basis
B for R3 such that the B-matrix for T is a diagonal matrix?
T-7 -48 –16
1
31. A =
14
6.
-3 -45 -19
Discuss.
-3
Verify the statements in Exercises 19-24. The matrices are square.
b =
1, b2 =
1, b3 =
-3
19. If A is invertible and similar to B, then B is invertible
and A-1 is similar to B-1. [Hint: P-AP = B for some
32. [M] Let T be the transformation w
given below. Find a basis for R4 with
is diagonal.
invertible P. Explain why B is invertible. Then find an
invertible Q such that Q-A-Q = B¬1.]
-6
4
9.
20. If A is similar to B, then A² is similar to B2.
-3
0.
1
6.
21. If B is similar to A and C is similar to A, then B is similar
A =
-1
-2
1
0.
to C.
-4
4
0.
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