38. What is the probability that the next person you meet was not born in July? (Assume 365 days in a year.) 39-42: Probability Distributions. Make a probability distribution for the given set of events. 39. The number of boys in families with three children 40. The number of heads when four fair coins are tossed 41. The sums that appear when two fair four-sided dice (tetrahedrons) are tossed 42. The number of girls in families with four children 43-46:Odds. Use the definition given in the text to find both the odds for and the odds against the following events. 43. Rolling a fair die and getting a l or a 2 44. Flipping two fair coins and getting two tails 45. Rolling a fair die and getting a 5 or a 6 46. Flipping two fair coins and getting a head and a tail 47-48: Gambling Odds. Use the definition of odds in betting to fine the following odds. 47. The odds on (against) your bet are 3 to 4. If you bet $20 anc win, how much will you gain? 48. The odds on (against) your bet are 5 to 4. If you bet $20 an win, how much will you gain? FURTHER APPLICATIONS 49-67: Computing Probabilities. Decide which method (theoret cal, relative frequency, or subjective) is appropriate, and compute the following probabilities.
Addition Rule of Probability
It simply refers to the likelihood of an event taking place whenever the occurrence of an event is uncertain. The probability of a single event can be calculated by dividing the number of successful trials of that event by the total number of trials.
Expected Value
When a large number of trials are performed for any random variable ‘X’, the predicted result is most likely the mean of all the outcomes for the random variable and it is known as expected value also known as expectation. The expected value, also known as the expectation, is denoted by: E(X).
Probability Distributions
Understanding probability is necessary to know the probability distributions. In statistics, probability is how the uncertainty of an event is measured. This event can be anything. The most common examples include tossing a coin, rolling a die, or choosing a card. Each of these events has multiple possibilities. Every such possibility is measured with the help of probability. To be more precise, the probability is used for calculating the occurrence of events that may or may not happen. Probability does not give sure results. Unless the probability of any event is 1, the different outcomes may or may not happen in real life, regardless of how less or how more their probability is.
Basic Probability
The simple definition of probability it is a chance of the occurrence of an event. It is defined in numerical form and the probability value is between 0 to 1. The probability value 0 indicates that there is no chance of that event occurring and the probability value 1 indicates that the event will occur. Sum of the probability value must be 1. The probability value is never a negative number. If it happens, then recheck the calculation.
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