34. (SI units) A bridge to be fabricated of steel girders is designed to be 800 m long and 20 m wide at ambient temperature (assumed 20°C). Expansion joints will be provided to compensate for the change in length in the girders as the temperature varies Each expansion joint can compensate for a maximum of 25 mm of change in length. From historical records it is estimated that the minimum and maximum temperatures in the region will be -30°C and 45°C, respectively. Determine (a) the minimum number of expansion joints required. Use Table 4.1 from the book for reference. Round to the nearest whole number of joints. Table 4.1 Volumetric properties in U.S. customary units for selected engineering materials Coefficient of Thermal Melting Point, T Density, p Expansion, a Material Cx 10CF 10 g/em (Ib/in) C CF) Metals Aluminum (13.3) (9.4) 2.70 (1220) (0.098) 24 660 Copper 8.97 1083 (0.324) 17 (1981) Iron 7.87 (0.284) (2802) 12.1 (6.7) 1539 Lead 11.35 (0.410) 29 (16.1) (621) 327 Magnesium 1.74 (0.063) 26 (1202) (14.4) 650 Nickel 8.92 (0.322) 13.3 (7.4) 1455 (2651) Steel 7.87 (0.284) 12 (6.7) (12.7) a a Tin 7.31 (0.264) 23 232 (449) Titanium 4.51 (0.163) 8.6 (4.7) 1668 (3034) Tungsten 19.30 (0.697) 4.0 (2.2) 3410 (6170) Zinc 7.15 (0.258) 40 (22.2) 420 (787) Ceramics and Silicon Glass 2.5 (0.090) 1.8-9.0 (1.0-5.0) Alumina 3.8 (0.137) 9.0 (5.0) 2072 (3762) Silica 2.66 (0.096) 0.55 (0.31) 1600 (2912) Silicon 2.33 (0.085) 2.6 (14) 1414 (2577) Polymers Phenol resins 1.3 (0.047) 60 (33) Nylon 1.16 (0.042) 100 (55) 260 (500) Polyethylene 0.92 (0.033) 180 (100) 115 (240) Polystyrene Polyvinylchloride 1.05 (0.038) 70 (39) (464 240 1.40 (0.051) 50 (28) 212 (414) Compiled from, 121. 131. 14). I5], and other sources Melting temperature depends on composition. Low-density polyethylene Chemically degrades at high temperatures because it is a thermosetting polymer, other polymers listed are thermoplastic
34. (SI units) A bridge to be fabricated of steel girders is designed to be 800 m long and 20 m wide at ambient temperature (assumed 20°C). Expansion joints will be provided to compensate for the change in length in the girders as the temperature varies Each expansion joint can compensate for a maximum of 25 mm of change in length. From historical records it is estimated that the minimum and maximum temperatures in the region will be -30°C and 45°C, respectively. Determine (a) the minimum number of expansion joints required. Use Table 4.1 from the book for reference. Round to the nearest whole number of joints. Table 4.1 Volumetric properties in U.S. customary units for selected engineering materials Coefficient of Thermal Melting Point, T Density, p Expansion, a Material Cx 10CF 10 g/em (Ib/in) C CF) Metals Aluminum (13.3) (9.4) 2.70 (1220) (0.098) 24 660 Copper 8.97 1083 (0.324) 17 (1981) Iron 7.87 (0.284) (2802) 12.1 (6.7) 1539 Lead 11.35 (0.410) 29 (16.1) (621) 327 Magnesium 1.74 (0.063) 26 (1202) (14.4) 650 Nickel 8.92 (0.322) 13.3 (7.4) 1455 (2651) Steel 7.87 (0.284) 12 (6.7) (12.7) a a Tin 7.31 (0.264) 23 232 (449) Titanium 4.51 (0.163) 8.6 (4.7) 1668 (3034) Tungsten 19.30 (0.697) 4.0 (2.2) 3410 (6170) Zinc 7.15 (0.258) 40 (22.2) 420 (787) Ceramics and Silicon Glass 2.5 (0.090) 1.8-9.0 (1.0-5.0) Alumina 3.8 (0.137) 9.0 (5.0) 2072 (3762) Silica 2.66 (0.096) 0.55 (0.31) 1600 (2912) Silicon 2.33 (0.085) 2.6 (14) 1414 (2577) Polymers Phenol resins 1.3 (0.047) 60 (33) Nylon 1.16 (0.042) 100 (55) 260 (500) Polyethylene 0.92 (0.033) 180 (100) 115 (240) Polystyrene Polyvinylchloride 1.05 (0.038) 70 (39) (464 240 1.40 (0.051) 50 (28) 212 (414) Compiled from, 121. 131. 14). I5], and other sources Melting temperature depends on composition. Low-density polyethylene Chemically degrades at high temperatures because it is a thermosetting polymer, other polymers listed are thermoplastic
Elements Of Electromagnetics
7th Edition
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
ChapterMA: Math Assessment
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1MA
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Transcribed Image Text:34. (SI units) A bridge to be fabricated of steel girders is designed
to be 800 m long and 20 m wide at ambient temperature
(assumed 20°C). Expansion joints will be provided to compensate
for the change in length in the girders as the temperature varies
Each expansion joint can compensate for a maximum of 25 mm
of change in length. From historical records it is estimated that the
minimum and maximum temperatures in the region will be -30°C
and 45°C, respectively. Determine (a) the minimum number of
expansion joints required. Use Table 4.1 from the book for
reference. Round to the nearest whole number of joints.
![Table 4.1 Volumetric properties in U.S. customary units for selected engineering materials
Coefficient of Thermal
Melting Point, T
Density, p
Expansion, a
Material
Cx 10CF 10
g/em
(Ib/in)
C
CF)
Metals
Aluminum
(13.3)
(9.4)
2.70
(1220)
(0.098)
24
660
Copper
8.97
1083
(0.324)
17
(1981)
Iron
7.87
(0.284)
(2802)
12.1
(6.7)
1539
Lead
11.35
(0.410)
29
(16.1)
(621)
327
Magnesium
1.74
(0.063)
26
(1202)
(14.4)
650
Nickel
8.92
(0.322)
13.3
(7.4)
1455
(2651)
Steel
7.87
(0.284)
12
(6.7)
(12.7)
a
a
Tin
7.31
(0.264)
23
232
(449)
Titanium
4.51
(0.163)
8.6
(4.7)
1668
(3034)
Tungsten
19.30
(0.697)
4.0
(2.2)
3410
(6170)
Zinc
7.15
(0.258)
40
(22.2)
420
(787)
Ceramics and Silicon
Glass
2.5
(0.090)
1.8-9.0
(1.0-5.0)
Alumina
3.8
(0.137)
9.0
(5.0)
2072
(3762)
Silica
2.66
(0.096)
0.55
(0.31)
1600
(2912)
Silicon
2.33
(0.085)
2.6
(14)
1414
(2577)
Polymers
Phenol resins
1.3
(0.047)
60
(33)
Nylon
1.16
(0.042)
100
(55)
260
(500)
Polyethylene
0.92
(0.033)
180
(100)
115
(240)
Polystyrene
Polyvinylchloride
1.05
(0.038)
70
(39)
(464
240
1.40
(0.051)
50
(28)
212
(414)
Compiled from, 121. 131. 14). I5], and other sources
Melting temperature depends on composition.
Low-density polyethylene
Chemically degrades at high temperatures because it is a thermosetting polymer, other polymers listed are thermoplastic](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fae5712de-4746-4ba5-a688-ed474b665cfb%2F1a9ff049-cdca-4329-b78b-5e116b261096%2Fvgdq4z8.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Table 4.1 Volumetric properties in U.S. customary units for selected engineering materials
Coefficient of Thermal
Melting Point, T
Density, p
Expansion, a
Material
Cx 10CF 10
g/em
(Ib/in)
C
CF)
Metals
Aluminum
(13.3)
(9.4)
2.70
(1220)
(0.098)
24
660
Copper
8.97
1083
(0.324)
17
(1981)
Iron
7.87
(0.284)
(2802)
12.1
(6.7)
1539
Lead
11.35
(0.410)
29
(16.1)
(621)
327
Magnesium
1.74
(0.063)
26
(1202)
(14.4)
650
Nickel
8.92
(0.322)
13.3
(7.4)
1455
(2651)
Steel
7.87
(0.284)
12
(6.7)
(12.7)
a
a
Tin
7.31
(0.264)
23
232
(449)
Titanium
4.51
(0.163)
8.6
(4.7)
1668
(3034)
Tungsten
19.30
(0.697)
4.0
(2.2)
3410
(6170)
Zinc
7.15
(0.258)
40
(22.2)
420
(787)
Ceramics and Silicon
Glass
2.5
(0.090)
1.8-9.0
(1.0-5.0)
Alumina
3.8
(0.137)
9.0
(5.0)
2072
(3762)
Silica
2.66
(0.096)
0.55
(0.31)
1600
(2912)
Silicon
2.33
(0.085)
2.6
(14)
1414
(2577)
Polymers
Phenol resins
1.3
(0.047)
60
(33)
Nylon
1.16
(0.042)
100
(55)
260
(500)
Polyethylene
0.92
(0.033)
180
(100)
115
(240)
Polystyrene
Polyvinylchloride
1.05
(0.038)
70
(39)
(464
240
1.40
(0.051)
50
(28)
212
(414)
Compiled from, 121. 131. 14). I5], and other sources
Melting temperature depends on composition.
Low-density polyethylene
Chemically degrades at high temperatures because it is a thermosetting polymer, other polymers listed are thermoplastic
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