3.19 Water flows downward along a pipe that is inclined at 30° below the horizontal, as shown. Pressure difference Pa-PB is due partly to gravity and partly to friction. Derive an algebraic expression for the pressure difference. Evaluate the pressure difference if L=5 ft and h=6 in. Water 30° B Mercury -

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Properties of Fluids

The term fluid represents a type of substance that can easily change its shape under any external pressure/force and can flow. Fluids can acquire any shape in which it is stored and can resist normal stresses but cannot resist shear stress in rest condition. Whenever external shear stress is applied to fluids, it starts to flow. The fluids may be liquid or gas. Example- water, air, etc.