3. Wild animals placed in zoos sometim result from a(n) _ in the anir O decrease; cortisol O decrease; lymphocytes decrease; teratogens increase; steroids increase; androgens
Because the animals are well fed yet get a very little exercise in their cramped enclosures, many of the fatalities are assumed to be linked to obesity. High-stress levels, which the animals endure the most after being relocated between zoos and separated from their moms, were also cited by scientists. When animals do not contribute enough to revenue or do not fit into the master designs of zoos, they are murdered. Animals may be slaughtered to make place for younger animals that attract greater crowds or because their genes are "overrepresented" in captive wildlife populations.
If the stress response is chronically triggered, captivity may have long-term or irreversible effects on physiology. Even after months in confinement, captive animals may have higher GCs and/or lower reproductive capability than free-living animals.GC concentrations were one of the most commonly measured factors when determining the stress of confinement. The adrenal cortex produces GC hormones (mainly cortisol in fish and most mammals; principal corticosterone in reptiles, birds, amphibians, and rodents), which have diverse functions throughout the body and can regulate a variety of physiological processes. Acute stressors generate a temporary rise in GCs, which is later suppressed by negative feedback. Long-term stressor exposure frequently causes changes in GC regulation, however, the part of the GC response impacted (baseline concentrations, stress-induced concentrations, or negative feedback) and the direction of change vary by species and environment.
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