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3. Which of the following shows an isotherm for a Van der Waals gas at its critical temperature, Tc? (The axes are p and V). (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (AL

3. Which of the following shows an isotherm for a Van der Waals gas at its critical temperature, Tc? (The axes are p and V). (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (AL

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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**Question:** 3. Which of the following shows an isotherm for a Van der Waals gas at its critical temperature, \( T_c \)? (The axes are \( p \) and \( V \).) **Diagrams:** - **(a)**: This graph starts at a high pressure at low volume and curves downwards, flattening as the volume increases. - **(b)**: This graph starts with a steep drop in pressure, followed by a horizontal section, and then slightly rises as volume increases. - **(c)**: This graph begins at a high pressure at low volume, rapidly falls, slightly rises, and then flattens at higher volumes. - **(d)**: This graph shows a steep curve downward and then levels off as volume increases. - **(e)**: This graph has an initial steep ascent in pressure, followed by a sharp drop, and then it levels off as the volume increases. The graphs represent different isotherms for a Van der Waals gas, each depicting the relationship between pressure \((p)\) and volume \((V)\) at a specific temperature. The correct isotherm graph at the critical temperature typically shows a point where the curve has an inflection, signifying the phase transition characteristics of the gas.
Transcribed Image Text:**Question:** 3. Which of the following shows an isotherm for a Van der Waals gas at its critical temperature, \( T_c \)? (The axes are \( p \) and \( V \).) **Diagrams:** - **(a)**: This graph starts at a high pressure at low volume and curves downwards, flattening as the volume increases. - **(b)**: This graph starts with a steep drop in pressure, followed by a horizontal section, and then slightly rises as volume increases. - **(c)**: This graph begins at a high pressure at low volume, rapidly falls, slightly rises, and then flattens at higher volumes. - **(d)**: This graph shows a steep curve downward and then levels off as volume increases. - **(e)**: This graph has an initial steep ascent in pressure, followed by a sharp drop, and then it levels off as the volume increases. The graphs represent different isotherms for a Van der Waals gas, each depicting the relationship between pressure \((p)\) and volume \((V)\) at a specific temperature. The correct isotherm graph at the critical temperature typically shows a point where the curve has an inflection, signifying the phase transition characteristics of the gas.
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The process in which state of matter changes form liquid to gaseous is known as vaporization. Gases can be converted back to liquid by applying high pressure or by decreasing volume.

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