3. Using the electronegativity values in the following table, determine the type of bonding between each pair of atoms. Na c N OF PS 3.0 3.5 4.0 2.1 2.5 3.0 2.8 2.5 CI Br I 0.9 2.5 Calculate AEN Type of Bonding (Circle) a. Br and S Ionic Polar Covalent Nonpolar Covalent b. Na and CI Ionic Polar Covalent Nonpolar Covalent c. O and O Ionic Polar Covalent Nonpolar Covalent d. N and F Ionic Polar Covalent Nonpolar Covalent
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
![**Title:** Determining the Type of Bonding Using Electronegativity
**Instructions:**
Using the electronegativity values provided in the table, determine the type of bonding between each pair of atoms.
**Electronegativity Table:**
- Na: 0.9
- C: 2.5
- N: 3.0
- O: 3.5
- F: 4.0
- P: 2.1
- S: 2.5
- Cl: 3.0
- Br: 2.8
- I: 2.5
**Bonding Determination Table:**
For each pair of atoms, calculate the electronegativity difference (ΔEN) and determine whether the bond is:
- Ionic
- Polar Covalent
- Nonpolar Covalent
**a. Br and S:**
Calculate ΔEN: ________
- Ionic
- Polar Covalent
- Nonpolar Covalent
**b. Na and Cl:**
Calculate ΔEN: ________
- Ionic
- Polar Covalent
- Nonpolar Covalent
**c. O and C:**
Calculate ΔEN: ________
- Ionic
- Polar Covalent
- Nonpolar Covalent
**d. N and F:**
Calculate ΔEN: ________
- Ionic
- Polar Covalent
- Nonpolar Covalent
**Note:** Circle the correct type of bonding based on the calculated electronegativity difference.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F2d9cf50d-f1a6-480c-b106-05492d0ae910%2Fd4c63a69-a6b8-4a7f-b9b0-550e6eab79e8%2Fzevzw3q_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![# Chemistry Homework: Electron Configurations and Bonding
## Instructions:
Complete the following table and answer the question below.
---
### 1. Electron Configuration Table
| Element | Full Electron Configuration | Noble Gas Notation | Valence Shell # | # of Valence Electrons |
|---------------|------------------------------|--------------------|-----------------|------------------------|
| a. **Calcium** | | | | |
| b. | 1s²2s²2p³ | | | |
| c. | | [Kr] 5s² | | |
| d. | | | 3 | 5 |
### 2. Isoelectronic Ions
Give the symbol of four stable ions formed from Main Group elements that are isoelectronic with Argon.
- a. [___]
- b. [___]
- c. [___]
- d. [___]
---
**Note:** Please fill in the missing information in the table and provide the symbols of the isoelectronic ions in the spaces provided.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F2d9cf50d-f1a6-480c-b106-05492d0ae910%2Fd4c63a69-a6b8-4a7f-b9b0-550e6eab79e8%2Fzqgr0gh_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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