States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
Please help with question number 3
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**Question 2:**
Calculate the pressure of a sample of gas collected over water at 25°C if the atmospheric pressure is 0.948 atm. 1 atm = 760 mm Hg.
\[23.8 \text{ torr} = 23.8 \text{ torr} \times \frac{1 \text{ mm Hg}}{1 \text{ torr}} \times \frac{1 \text{ atm}}{760 \text{ mm Hg}} = 0.0313 \text{ atm}\]
\[0.0313 + 0.948 \text{ atm} = 0.9167 \text{ atm}\]
Gas collected is 0.9167 atm.
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**Question 3:**
The vapor pressure of water at 16°C is 13.6 torr, and it is 15.5 torr at 18°C. What is the vapor pressure at 17°C?
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**Question 4:**
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium metal and hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas.
\[ \text{Mg(s) + 2 HCl(aq)} \rightarrow \text{MgCl}_2\text{(aq) + H}_2\text{(g)}\]
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