3. The effect of negative externalities on the optimal quantity of consumption Consider the market for steel. Suppose that a steel manufacturing plant dumps toxic waste into a nearby river, creating a negative externality for those living downstream from the plant. Producing an additional ton of steel imposes a constant marginal external cost (MEC) of $300 per ton. The following graph shows the demand (marginal private benefits, or MPB) curve and the supply (marginal private costs, or MPC) curve for steel, Use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the marginal social costs (MSC) curve when the marginal external cost is $300 per ton. 1600 1350 PRICE (Delars per ton of steel) 1200 900 750 600 450 300 150 ● 1 2 3 QUANTITY (Tons of steel) 0 Supply (MPC) • Demand (MPB) MSC

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3. The effect of negative externalities on the optimal quantity of consumption
Consider the market for steel. Suppose that a steel manufacturing plant dumps toxic waste into a nearby river, creating a negative externality for
those living downstream from the plant. Producing an additional ton of steel imposes a constant marginal external cost (MEC) of $300 per ton. The
following graph shows the demand (marginal private benefits, or MPB) curve and the supply (marginal private costs, or MPC) curve for steel,
Use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the marginal social costs (MSC) curve when the marginal external cost is $300 per ton.
1600
1350
PRICE (Dolars per ton of steel)
1200
900
700
600
450
300
150
●
1
2
3
QUANTITY (Tons of steel)
0 Supply
(MPC)
4
Demand
(MPB)
MSC
Transcribed Image Text:3. The effect of negative externalities on the optimal quantity of consumption Consider the market for steel. Suppose that a steel manufacturing plant dumps toxic waste into a nearby river, creating a negative externality for those living downstream from the plant. Producing an additional ton of steel imposes a constant marginal external cost (MEC) of $300 per ton. The following graph shows the demand (marginal private benefits, or MPB) curve and the supply (marginal private costs, or MPC) curve for steel, Use the purple points (diamond symbol) to plot the marginal social costs (MSC) curve when the marginal external cost is $300 per ton. 1600 1350 PRICE (Dolars per ton of steel) 1200 900 700 600 450 300 150 ● 1 2 3 QUANTITY (Tons of steel) 0 Supply (MPC) 4 Demand (MPB) MSC
1500
PRICE (Dollars per ton of steel)
1350
1200
1050
900
750
600
450
300
150
0
1
☐
2
O
M
O
3
QUANTITY (Tons of steel)
D
Supply
(MPC)
Demand
(MPB)
MSC
The market equilibrium quantity is tons of steel, but the socially optimal quantity of steel production is
To create an incentive for the firm to produce the socially optimal quantity of steel, the government could impose a
of steel.
tons.
per ton
Transcribed Image Text:1500 PRICE (Dollars per ton of steel) 1350 1200 1050 900 750 600 450 300 150 0 1 ☐ 2 O M O 3 QUANTITY (Tons of steel) D Supply (MPC) Demand (MPB) MSC The market equilibrium quantity is tons of steel, but the socially optimal quantity of steel production is To create an incentive for the firm to produce the socially optimal quantity of steel, the government could impose a of steel. tons. per ton
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