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3. Provide the reagents needed for the following reactions to occur. a. b. ОН OH OH Br

3. Provide the reagents needed for the following reactions to occur. a. b. ОН OH OH Br

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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**3. Provide the reagents needed for the following reactions to occur.** **a.** This reaction shows the conversion of a secondary alcohol (butan-2-ol) to a bromoalkane (2-bromobutane). - **Reactants:** Butan-2-ol - **Products:** 2-Bromobutane To achieve this transformation, a common reagent is phosphorus tribromide (PBr3), which replaces the hydroxyl (-OH) group with a bromine (Br) atom. **b.** This reaction depicts the conversion of a diol (cyclohexane-1,2-diol) to a diketone (1,2-cyclohexanedione). - **Reactants:** Cyclohexane-1,2-diol - **Products:** 1,2-Cyclohexanedione This oxidative reaction typically involves using a strong oxidizing agent such as sodium periodate (NaIO4) or periodic acid (HIO4), which cleaves the carbon-carbon bond between the two hydroxyl groups (-OH) and forms two carbonyl groups (C=O). **Diagrams Explanation:** - **Part a.** - **Left:** A molecule of butan-2-ol, with a hydroxyl group attached to the second carbon of a four-carbon chain. - **Right:** A molecule of 2-bromobutane, with a bromine atom attached to the second carbon of a four-carbon chain. - **Part b.** - **Left:** A molecule of cyclohexane-1,2-diol, with two hydroxyl groups attached to adjacent carbons on a six-membered cyclohexane ring. - **Right:** A molecule of 1,2-cyclohexanedione, with two carbonyl groups (C=O) in place of the hydroxyl groups on a six-membered cyclohexane ring. By understanding the reagents for these transformations, students can grasp how altering the functional groups leads to different organic compounds.
Transcribed Image Text:**3. Provide the reagents needed for the following reactions to occur.** **a.** This reaction shows the conversion of a secondary alcohol (butan-2-ol) to a bromoalkane (2-bromobutane). - **Reactants:** Butan-2-ol - **Products:** 2-Bromobutane To achieve this transformation, a common reagent is phosphorus tribromide (PBr3), which replaces the hydroxyl (-OH) group with a bromine (Br) atom. **b.** This reaction depicts the conversion of a diol (cyclohexane-1,2-diol) to a diketone (1,2-cyclohexanedione). - **Reactants:** Cyclohexane-1,2-diol - **Products:** 1,2-Cyclohexanedione This oxidative reaction typically involves using a strong oxidizing agent such as sodium periodate (NaIO4) or periodic acid (HIO4), which cleaves the carbon-carbon bond between the two hydroxyl groups (-OH) and forms two carbonyl groups (C=O). **Diagrams Explanation:** - **Part a.** - **Left:** A molecule of butan-2-ol, with a hydroxyl group attached to the second carbon of a four-carbon chain. - **Right:** A molecule of 2-bromobutane, with a bromine atom attached to the second carbon of a four-carbon chain. - **Part b.** - **Left:** A molecule of cyclohexane-1,2-diol, with two hydroxyl groups attached to adjacent carbons on a six-membered cyclohexane ring. - **Right:** A molecule of 1,2-cyclohexanedione, with two carbonyl groups (C=O) in place of the hydroxyl groups on a six-membered cyclohexane ring. By understanding the reagents for these transformations, students can grasp how altering the functional groups leads to different organic compounds.
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