3. If G is a colored graph in which each vertex is assigned a color. The chromatic number of a graph G, denoted x(G), is the least number of distinct colors with which G can be properly colored. That is, it is a coloring of the vertices of G with the property that no two adjacent vertices have the same color. In a graph, pairwise non-adjacent vertices or edges are called independent. The maximum number of independent vertices of G if defined as a(G). Prove that in any graph G with n vertices, the number n is less than the multiple of these two values of the Graph.

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