3. Experimentalist are observing this effect: Initially there is one massive particle at rest. Call it particle "n". We are absolutely certain particle "n" spontaneously (by itself) breaks apart releasing some of its internal energy (think of it as potential energy). Experimentalists can always observe two particles as byproducts: particles "p" and "e". Particle "p" has mass that is about 99.9% that of particle "n" and particle "e" much much less massive compared to "n". Particle "p" has very small but not zero velocity. Experimentalists do measure the kinetic energy of particle "e" (not its velocity). They find that the kinetic energy of particle "e" gets values that are from nearly 0 to a maxi- Extra Questions and Problems from chapters 5 and 6 mum value and any value in between. Which of the following is the solution? ¹ A)We need the measurements of the velocities of particle "p" and the mass of "e". With- out them we can't figure out what is happening. B) Experimentalists are lousy scientists; ignore them and find something more interesting to work on until they get their stuff in order. C) Conservation of total energy (internal/potential + kinetic + anything else) is true only on average in these very small particle scales. D)None of the above. Total energy conservation and momentum conservation are too basic to violate, and the only way to explain the experiments is that there is a third new particle "" with even more tiny mass we didn't know existed up until now. In the future we will be able to even more directly detect that particle.

College Physics
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Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
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Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
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3. Experimentalists are observing this effect: Initially there is one massive particle at rest. Call it particle “n”. We are absolutely certain particle “n” spontaneously (by itself) breaks apart releasing some of its internal energy (think of it as potential energy). Experimentalists can always observe two particles as byproducts: particles “p” and “e”. Particle “p” has mass that is about 99.9% that of particle “n” and particle “e” much much less massive compared to “n”. Particle “p” has very small but not zero velocity. Experimentalists do measure the kinetic energy of particle “e” (not its velocity). They find that the kinetic energy of particle “e” gets values that are from nearly 0 to a maximum value and any value in between. Which of the following is the solution?
   
A) We need the measurements of the velocities of particle “p” and the mass of “e”. Without them we can’t figure out what is happening.
  
B) Experimentalists are lousy scientists; ignore them and find something more interesting to work on until they get their stuff in order.
  
C) Conservation of total energy (internal/potential + kinetic + anything else) is true only on average in these very small particle scales.
  
D) None of the above. Total energy conservation and momentum conservation are too basic to violate, and the only way to explain the experiments is that there is a third new particle “ν” with even more tiny mass we didn’t know existed up until now. In the future we will be able to even more directly detect that particle.

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**Extra Questions and Problems from chapters 5 and 6**
Transcribed Image Text:3. Experimentalists are observing this effect: Initially there is one massive particle at rest. Call it particle “n”. We are absolutely certain particle “n” spontaneously (by itself) breaks apart releasing some of its internal energy (think of it as potential energy). Experimentalists can always observe two particles as byproducts: particles “p” and “e”. Particle “p” has mass that is about 99.9% that of particle “n” and particle “e” much much less massive compared to “n”. Particle “p” has very small but not zero velocity. Experimentalists do measure the kinetic energy of particle “e” (not its velocity). They find that the kinetic energy of particle “e” gets values that are from nearly 0 to a maximum value and any value in between. Which of the following is the solution? A) We need the measurements of the velocities of particle “p” and the mass of “e”. Without them we can’t figure out what is happening. B) Experimentalists are lousy scientists; ignore them and find something more interesting to work on until they get their stuff in order. C) Conservation of total energy (internal/potential + kinetic + anything else) is true only on average in these very small particle scales. D) None of the above. Total energy conservation and momentum conservation are too basic to violate, and the only way to explain the experiments is that there is a third new particle “ν” with even more tiny mass we didn’t know existed up until now. In the future we will be able to even more directly detect that particle. --- **Extra Questions and Problems from chapters 5 and 6**
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