3. Consider a system of two springs, with stiffness and arranged in parallel as shown in Fig. 1.68. The rigid bar to which the two springs are connected remains horizontal when the force F is zero. Determine the equivalent spring constant of the system that relates the force applied (F) to the resulting displacement (x) as F =kex Hint: Because the spring constants of the two springs are different and the distances and are not the same, the rigid bar will not remain horizontal when the force F is applied F k2

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System of Forces

A force is an external influence or agent that changes the state of a system. According to Newton's second law, the force applied to a body is proportional to the change in momentum of a body. Hence, whenever a force is applied to a body, its momentum changes. If the body is at rest, under the action of force, its state of rest changes to motion. In other words, the magnitude of the momentum of the body changes from zero to a measurable value. Similarly, if the body possesses some initial velocity, it has some associated momentum, the effect of force can cause the body to halt or come to rest, that is, the momentum reduces to zero.