Please answer all parts: 3. a. In general, what determines how acidic a molecule is?b. List and brie fly describe four factors that affect this acidity.c. Each molecule on the following page highlights three hydrogen atoms in bold.Using your answers from (b), rank the bolded protons in terms of increasingacidity (1 = least acidic, 3 = most acidic). Briefly rationalize your ranking.3SH OH SeH1. NaOHTfO.2.1. NANH22. OMs1. NaH (1 eqv)2. 1,4-dibromobutaneCH3H3C3. NaH (1 еqv)d. Using your aciditv rankings from part (c), draw the major product of each reactionabove.

Answered: 3. a. In general, what determines how…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Please answer all parts:

3. a. In general, what determines how acidic a molecule is?
b. List and brie fly describe four factors that affect this acidity.
c. Each molecule on the following page highlights three hydrogen atoms in bold.
Using your answers from (b), rank the bolded protons in terms of increasing
acidity (1 = least acidic, 3 = most acidic). Briefly rationalize your ranking.
3
SH OH SeH
1. NaOH
TfO.
2.
1. NANH2
2. OMs
1. NaH (1 eqv)
2. 1,4-dibromobutane
CH3
H3C
3. NaH (1 еqv)
d. Using your aciditv rankings from part (c), draw the major product of each reaction
above.

Expert Solution

Step 1

Since your question has multiple sub-parts, we will answer the first three sub-parts for you. If you want residual sub-parts to be answered, then please resubmit the entire question and mention those sub-parts you want us to answer.

Some compounds behave as acid and some behave as a base. This behavior is guided by many factors which are discussed below.

Step 2

Acid is the compound that gives hydrogen ions in the solution. After losing hydrogen ions, the negatively charged conjugate base remains there. The more stable is the conjugate base, the more acidic will be the compound.

This acidity is guided by many factors shown below-

The resonance stabilization of the negative charge of the conjugate base increases the acidity of the compound. The more stabilized is the conjugate base, the more acidic is the compound.
If the negative charge of the conjugate base is present on the more electronegative atom, it is more stable. The more electronegative atom stabilizes the negative charge more, so the compound is more acidic.
The sp hybridized conjugate base is more stable than the sp² hybridized conjugate base and more than the sp³ hybridized conjugate base. Hence, the sp hybridized conjugate base has the most acidic proton.
The inductive effect also play role in the stabilization of the conjugate base. The electron-withdrawing groups will stabilize the negative charge on the conjugate base and make the compound more acidic.

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